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Just in; World Bank slams NNPCL over inconsistent revenue report to FAAC

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The World Bank has said that the reports submitted by the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPCL) to the Federal Account Allocation Committee (FAAC) were inconsistent, and lacked necessary details on its operations.

This was revealed in the bank’s Accelerating Resource Mobilisation Reforms (ARMOR) Report for May 17, 2024.

According to the WB, in addition to reduced net oil revenues, NNPCL’s opaque governance has significantly undermined the transmission of oil revenues to the federation.

“Non-transparent reporting to the Federal Ministry of Finance (FMF) and the Federation Account Allocation Committee (FAAC), make it difficult for the authorities to oversee NNPCL’s performance, calculate anticipated oil and gas revenues and determine the difference between revenues received by the Federation and NNPCL’s total revenue.

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“The reports submitted to FAAC by NNPCL are inconsistent and lack information such as details on pledged revenues, the tradeable value of crude oil, actual payments, and receipts from global trade, among others. As highlighted in the Nigeria Public Finance Review (2022),7 financial reporting is opaque due to quasi-fiscal activities such as in-kind revenues in the form of crude oil, and costs directly deducted from revenues that would have otherwise been transferred to the Federation Account,” the report said in part.

NNPCL is governed by the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA) 2021

The world’s apex bank cited a case where the NNPCL pledged 35,000 barrels of crude oil per day to the owners in exchange for a 20 per cent stake in the privately owned Nigerian Dangote Refinery.

WB said although the total value of the contractual investments for pledged oil revenues was estimated to be worth US$5.8 billion at end-2022, the amount eventually declared by NNPCL was below expectation.

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“All production sharing contracts signed by NNPC state that all fiscal payments shall be made in-kind by allowing the NNPC to lift tax oil, royalty oil, and profit oil. In joint venture operations, in which the Federation owns 55 per cent or 60 per cent of the equity oil and gas, the NNPC handles crude oil and natural gas receipts on behalf of the Federation.

However, the share of oil production in these contracts amounts to more than two-thirds of the total oil production in Nigeria.

“Nigeria’s dependence on oil and gas revenue is a source of fiscal vulnerability. During the commodity-price boom of 1996-2014, the revenue-to-GDP ratio was 12 per cent, (albeit considerably lower than the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) average of 21.5 per cent at that time), while a decade later, revenue-to-GDP was just 7.7 per cent in 2023.

“ Despite a 116 per cent increase in international oil prices between 2020 and 2022-2023, net oil and gas fiscal revenues transferred to the Federation fell in the same period from 2 per cent of GDP to 1.8 per cent of GDP due to falling oil production and the retention of fiscal transfers to finance the gasoline subsidy.

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“Oil production fell from 1.8 million barrels per day (mbpd) in 2020 to 1.4 mbpd in 2022-2023 due to insecurity and a lack of investment and adequate maintenance. The cost of the gasoline subsidy increased over this period from 0.9 to 1.6 percent of GDP, deducted directly by the Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation Limited (NNPCL)5 and reducing the net oil revenue transfers to the Federation Account.”

Additionally, WB said the NNPCL has retained oil and gas revenues for projects such as a gas pipeline to Morocco.

“NNPCL also entered contractual arrangements that pledge future oil and gas revenues to business partners in lieu of cash payments,” the report added.

FG Eyes Fresh $750m W’Bank Loan

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The Federal Government is also pressing for a $750m loan from the World Bank.

This loan project is a part of the broader $2.25bn approved by the World Bank for Nigeria on June 13, 2024, to bolster Nigeria’s economic stability and support its vulnerable populations.

The other second part of the loan package was for the Nigeria Reforms for Economic Stabilisation to Enable Transformation, Development Policy Financing Programme project.

Already, an agreement for the loan has been signed between Nigeria (through the Ministry of Finance) and the World Bank.

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The agreement document read in part, “The bank agrees to lend to the borrower the amount of $750,000,000 as such amount may be converted from time to time through a currency conversion (“Loan”), to assist in financing the programme described in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to this Agreement (“Programme”) and the project described in Part 2 of Schedule 1 to this Agreement (“Project”, and together with the Programme, hereinafter jointly referred to as the “Operation”).

“The borrower may withdraw the proceeds of the loan in accordance with Section IV of Schedule 2 to this Agreement. All withdrawals from the loan account shall be deposited by the Bank into an account specified by the Borrower and acceptable to the bank.”

According to the Disbursement Linked Indicators set out in the loan agreement, the loan will only be released upon achieving measurable progress in key areas.

These include raising VAT collection through improved regulations, increasing excise taxes on health and environmental products, and boosting corporate tax compliance through enhanced digital infrastructure.

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Central to the ARMOR programme is the government’s plan to increase VAT rates and expand taxpayer compliance.

Some of the loan targets include increasing VAT collections to 1.8 per cent of non-oil Gross Domestic Product, unlocking $105m of the loan.

The WB said despite recent reforms, Nigeria’s non-oil tax revenues underperform due to low tax rates, poor compliance, a narrow tax base, and high tax expenditures.

Reforms introduced in 2020-2021 increased non-oil tax revenues from 2.3 per cent of GDP in 2020 to 3.7 per cent of GDP in 2023 due to a rise in Value-Added Tax (VAT) rates, improvements in tax digitalisation, and the unification of the exchange rate in 2023.

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“Despite this increase, tax revenues in Nigeria remain very low compared to peers (Figure 2). Unlike most developing countries, Nigeria has yet to tap VAT (a federal responsibility to collect while sharing VAT revenues) as a significant source of revenue. In 2022, VAT revenues were only 1.2 per cent of GDP while VAT tax expenditures were estimated at 1.98 per cent of GDP in 2022 (latest available data).10 The current VAT rate of 7.5 per cent is the lowest rate in Africa, and well below the SSA average of 15.8 per cent. Under the VAT legislation, the tax operates like a sales tax, since firms are unable to recover input VAT on purchases of fixed assets, services, and general administration costs.

“Meanwhile, Corporate Income Tax (CIT) has a very narrow tax base, and although collections have increased in recent years, they represented just 1.6 per cent of GDP in 2023. By comparison, poorly designed and sometimes discretionary CIT expenditures were estimated to cost 0.4 per cent of GDP.11 Excise rates are exceptionally low by global standards, and revenues were less than 0.1 per cent of GDP in 2023.12 Personal Income Tax (PIT) is assigned exclusively to the States, where challenges persist in collection due to tax evasion and underreporting: only 13 per cent of the workforce is registered for PIT (2018) and only 2 per cent of those are reported as active.

The bank advised that the tax and customs administrations need modernising to improve efficiency.

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JUST IN: Zamfara PDP Member Defects to APC

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By Gloria Ikibah
A member of the House of Representatives, Rep. Suleiman Abubakar Gumi, representing Gummi/Bukkuyum Federal Constituency of Zamfara state has defected from the opposition Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) to the ruling All Progressives Congress (APC).
This defection was transmitted in a letter read by Speaker Tajudeen Abbas on Wednesday at plenary.
Rep. Gumi in the letter, said his reasons for defection was as a result of the crisis in his Constituency where there are two PDP chairmen.
The letter reads in part: “It is as a result of the internal and external crisis in the PDP in the state. The party lacks structure in the state”.
Meanwhile, the Minority Leader, Rep. Kingsley Chinda, raised a constitutional point of order that having two chairmen in a Constituency cannot be defined as a problem in the PDP and not enough reasons according to the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
“You are aware that when a member leaves his political party the rules are very clear. According him these two chairmen are in his Constituency.
“I ask Mr Speaker, that you act according to our rule and Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
“You sit here today as our leader. The constitutional provision on what happens when one decamps to another party is clear.
“There is a time to do the right thing and the time has come for the Speaker to do the right thing. You swore to protect the constitution of this country at all times.
“I ask Mr Speaker that you act according to the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria,” Chinda said.
Naijablitznews.com reports that Rep. Gumi’s defection is coming barely two weeks after he was made the chairman House Committee on North West Development Commission, a newly created Committee approved by the leadership.
Gumi until his recent appointment was the chairman House Committee on Safety Standards.
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Just in: Federal High court stops CBN from releasing allocation to Rivers govt

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By Kayode Sanni-Arewa

A Federal High Court in Abuja has stopped the Central Bank of Nigeria, CBN, from further releasing monthly financial allocations to Rivers state government.

The court held that the receipt and disbursement of monthly allocations since January this year by Governor Siminalayi Fubara was a constitutional aberration that must not be allowed to continue.

Justice Joyce Abdulmalik, who issued the order on Wednesday, held that the presentation of the 2024 budget by Fubara before a 4-member Rivers House of Assembly was an affront to the Assembly.

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Specifically, the judge said that Fubara action in implementing unlawful budget smacked gross violations of the 1999 Constitution he swore to protect.

The judge therefore restrained CBN, Accountant General of the Federation, Zenith Bank and Access Bank, from further allowing Fubara to access money from the Consolidated Revenue of the Federation Account.

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Reps Pass For Second Reading Bill To Stop Fraudulent Deductions By Commercial Banks

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By Gloria Ikibah
As a way to find lasting solutions to issues of fraudulent deductions from customers’ accounts by commercial banks, the House of Representatives has passed for second reading a “Bill for an Act to amend the Banking and Other Financial Institutions Act 202 and Other for Other Related Matters,” sponsored by Rep. Moses Fayinka, member representing Mushin II Federal Constituency of Lagos State.
In his lead debate Tuesday plenary, on the general principles of the bill, Rep. Fayinka regretted the frequent cases of withdrawals from customers’ accounts, and noted that billions of naira have been lost in the process.
“There is an alarming rise of bank fraud or unauthorised withdrawal of deposit funds in Nigeria. In the banking industry, about 101,801 cases were reported in 2022 and 48,703 cases were reported in 2023, making bank customers lose several billions of naira.
The objective of this piece of legislation, aims to stop illegal funds transactions where monies are moved from the customer’s account without the authorisation of the customer for such transaction to take place.
It is also to stop banks from the cover-up of such syndicates without reporting such action to the receiving bank and the police for necessary actions and for both the paying and receiving banks to get the culprits arrested and prosecuted and to pay all necessary bills in the course of the recovery processes.
The bill when into law also seeks to make a refund back to the victim’s account without charges.
“This Bill is in consideration to the uprising of various financial crimes within the country, with many of such passing through financial institutions or we can call it the commercial banking system.
‘We all know that virtually all banking transactions are done electronically, which means that transactions can either be ATM, POS, direct cash transfer, fast cash and many others, in which many bank customers have fallen victims and have lost their hard-earned fortune without help from any side”, he stated.
Contributing to the bill, Rep. Ahmed Jaha, the member representing Damboa/Gwoza/Chibok Federal Constituency of Borno State, criticized the multiple deductions.
He said: “Even today, people in the National Assembly saw debit alerts that they did not know where it came from. We ignore these deductions because they are negligible amounts but when you put it together, it runs into millions of Nigeria.”
Also contributing to the debate, Rep. Mohammed-Bello El-Rufai, member representing Kaduna North Federal Constituency of Kaduna Statep, called on the Central Bank of Nigeria to impose stiffer penalties on commercial banks found to be imposing charges on their customers.
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