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For some Christians, a solar eclipse signals the second coming of Christ

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Does the upcoming solar eclipse signal the second coming of Jesus? In all likelihood, no, but that hasn’t stopped people from speculating that it does.

The New Testament is peppered with references to Jesus’ “second coming,” the time when Christians believe Jesus will return to Earth, the wicked will be judged, and the righteous rewarded.

The Apostle Paul writes about it in his letters, and the Gospels portray Jesus speaking about it.

The upcoming solar eclipse on April 8, 2024, which will be visible over parts of North America, has brought with it a slew of predictions that Jesus might be returning sooner rather than later.

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I am a scholar of early Christian literature whose research focuses on how people read, understand and sometimes misunderstand biblical texts.

Religious theories surrounding this eclipse are part of a larger pattern of attempts to find meaning in astronomical events that goes back thousands of years.

Finding meaning in the skies

One of the more famous examples from the ancient world of people finding meaning in the skies occurred in 44 B.C.E., when a comet appeared in the skies over Italy just four short months after the assassination of Julius Caesar. Roman authors Pliny the Elder and Suetonius claimed that the comet was visible for about a week and that it was so bright, it could be spotted in the late afternoon.

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Many Romans interpreted its appearance and lingering presence as a sign that Caesar had ascended to the heavens and had taken a seat among the many gods of Rome. Caesar’s deification was made official by a vote of the Roman senate less than two years later.

A few examples from the past 30 years further illustrate this phenomenon. In December 2020, speculation ran wild in some Christian circles that a planetary conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn signaled the return of the fabled “Star of Bethlehem” that led the wise men to the newborn Jesus.

For at least 10 years, televangelist John Hagee has promoted theories linking various “blood moons” as signs that the apocalypse is approaching.

A tragic example is the religious movement known as Heaven’s Gate. Members of this movement believed that there was a spacecraft hidden in the tail of the Hale-Bopp Comet, which appeared in 1997. This spacecraft, they thought, was coming to transport them to a higher level of consciousness. In March 1997, 39 members of the Heaven’s Gate movement committed ritualized, mass suicide through a lethal combination of phenobarbital, vodka and asphyxiation.

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Chasing shadows

It can be difficult to pinpoint exactly where such interpretations of celestial events originate.

In the case of the upcoming eclipse, one of the images that has fueled predictions of Jesus’ second coming simply notes southern Illinois as the location where the upcoming eclipse will overlap the path of the last North American solar eclipse in 2017.

Two yellow lines cross over southern Illinois on a map showing North America.
A map showing the path of total solar eclipses in 2017 and 2024. Eclipse maps published by Michael Zeiler, CC BY-NC
From this image, two theories have emerged: First, that these eclipses are separated by roughly seven years, which has symbolic significance in biblical literature as a number indicating completeness and perfection. Second, on charting the paths of these eclipses on a map, they appear to form a cross.

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Some Christians have taken this as evidence that the upcoming eclipse is an indication that Jesus’ return is imminent.

But there is no logical basis for this theory.

For starters, solar eclipses are not quite as rare as they seem. A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes between the Earth and the Sun and blots out all or some of the Sun’s light. They seem rare because they affect only the narrow strip of land that falls in the shadow of the Moon.

According to NASA, there has been an average of 2.5 eclipses per year over the past 1,000 years.

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The phenomenon of two eclipses crossing paths is also rather unremarkable. Looking at a map of eclipse paths between 2001 and 2025, it is clear that eclipses frequently cross paths; of the 15 solar eclipses during this span of time, only two did not cross paths.

A world map with countries in green being crisscrossed by blue lines.
Map of the world charting the paths of eclipses between 2001 and 2025. All but two of these paths intersect. Eclipse map predictions courtesy of Fred Espenak, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
One could argue that the North American eclipses of 2017 and 2024 are unique because of the seven years that separate them. But this isn’t logical in terms of the larger argument that some are making. These eclipses – on August 21, 2017, and April 8, 2024 – are separated not by seven years but by six and a half years, or 2,422 days to be exact. Another pair of eclipses that crossed paths in the Pacific Ocean – on July 22, 2009, and March 9, 2016 – were separated by the same number of days.

Seek and you will find

Most of these end times predictions are rooted in North American evangelical views on the apocalypse, many of which originated or at least share an affinity with evangelical author Hal Lindsey’s popular book, “The Late Great Planet Earth.”

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In this book, Lindsey predicted that the apocalypse would occur in the 1980s, and to make his argument, he stitched together a number of disparate events and phenomena to construct an apocalyptic narrative that included Soviet helicopters, the establishment of the state of Israel and nuclear warfare.

Lindsey was wrong, of course; the 1980s did not bring about the apocalypse. But this way of thinking – of seeking to find significance in various random events like eclipses – persists among some Christians.

The difference between this pairing of the 2017 and 2024 eclipses and the ones from 2009 and 2016 is simple: The most recent pairing crosses over the United States. Patterns emerge when and where they are sought, and much depends on the aims of the people doing the seeking.

The second coming of Jesus is undeniably a topic of conversation among New Testament authors. But it is interesting to note that there is little agreement among these authors when it comes to timing. What is presented in the Gospels is different from what is presented in the letters of Paul. And both of these are quite different from what is found in the book of Revelation.

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But these authors do share a sense that the timing of “the end” is ultimately mysterious and unknowable. And this would suggest that attempting to predict such timing by means of things like eclipses is, at the very least, not terribly “biblical.”

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UTME 2025: JAMB registers 1.6m candidates in 26 days

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The Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board, JAMB, announced on Monday that 1,687,860 candidates have already registered for the 2025 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination, UTME.

The board stated in its weekly bulletin that registration has been ongoing for 26 days, beginning on 3rd February 2025, with just six days remaining before the deadline on 8th March.

The 2025 UTME is scheduled to take place from Friday, 18th April 2025.

JAMB had earlier projected two million candidates for the examination.

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Providing a breakdown of the ongoing registration, JAMB disclosed that in the first week alone, 201,867 candidates registered. In the second week, the number rose to 560,025, followed by 528,832 in the third week. By the fourth week, the total had increased to 1,290,715.

The board reiterated in its bulletin that there would be no extension of the registration period beyond 8th March 2025.

A review of the immediate past UTME in 2024 showed that 1,989,668 candidates registered for the exam. Of these, 1,904,189 sat the examination, while 80,810 were absent.

A total of 1,402,490 candidates—73.7 per cent of those who sat the exam—scored below 200, while just 0.4 per cent achieved scores above 300.

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Ramadan: Kebbi, Bauchi, Kano counter CAN, say schools stay closed

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The Kebbi, Bauchi and Kano State governments have reaffirmed that the holiday granted to both primary and secondary schools in their states for Ramadan fast will not be reconsidered, despite concerns raised by the Christian Association of Nigeria.

Speaking with The PUNCH on Monday, the Chief Press Secretary to the Kebbi State governor, Ahmed Idris, stated that the decision was made after consulting all relevant stakeholders, including religious leaders and parents.

“We are not reversing the decision. The closure of the schools was a result of meetings with all relevant stakeholders, including religious leaders, parents, and others. The leadership of CAN and the Muslim community were carried along before the decision was reached,” Idris said.

He further explained that the closure would only affect a maximum of two weeks from the initial academic calendar, emphasising that it would not disrupt school activities.

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“Our normal school calendar already factored in closures during the fasting period. So, the issue of disrupting the academic calendar does not arise,” he added.

Similarly, the Kano State Director of Public Enlightenment in the state’s Ministry of Education, Balarabe Kiru, said there is no reason why the state government would reverse the directive as the decision to close the schools was taken after a meeting with all relevant stakeholders.

“There was a stakeholders’ meeting at the federal level during which the Christian Association of Nigeria was fully represented.

“More so, members of the State Executive Council have also agreed on the academic calendar. So there is no way we can reverse the directive. There is no going back on the decision so far taken with the knowledge and agreement of all stakeholders and the State Executive Council,” Kiru said.

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Also speaking with The PUNCH on Monday, the Bauchi State Commissioner for Education, Lawal Zayam, said the decision to close schools would not be reviewed.

According to him, the holiday was captured in the 2024/2025 academic calendar of the state long at the beginning of the session.

Zayam said, “We have not done anything extraordinary. Before we drafted the 2024/2025 session calendar, the stakeholders’ input was considered.

“The stakeholders were the ones who propel this solution, especially the private school owners whose state chairman is a Christian.

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“This has nothing to do with our academic calendar because, after the resumption, the students will have two weeks of studies to complete their second term before moving on to the third term.”

Stressing that all relevant stakeholders were carried along, the commissioner added, “We equally consulted other states, which we have exchanged programmes with before a memo was raised for the calendar and got approved by the governor.”

However, CAN in the 19 northern states and Abuja, on Monday, condemned the school closures in Kebbi and other Shariah-practicing states, including Bauchi, Katsina, and Kano, where schools have been shut for five weeks.

In a statement issued in Kaduna, Northern CAN Chairman, Rev. John Joseph Hayab, expressed concern that the closures would negatively impact students preparing for crucial examinations, including the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination and Junior Secondary School exams.

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“We are worried about these closures, especially considering the setbacks already faced by students in most northern states due to rising insecurity. The decision could further hinder educational progress,” Hayab said.

He also noted that many of the children affected by the closures are under 14 years old and may not yet be religiously mature enough to observe fasting.

“Additionally, the recent Multidimensional Poverty Index by the National Bureau of Statistics highlights the educational challenges in these states, with Bauchi at 54%, Kebbi at 45%, Katsina at 38%, and Kano at 35% of children lacking access to education,” he added.

Hayab pointed out that even in predominantly Islamic countries such as Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, schools remain open during Ramadan, urging northern governors to adopt a similar approach.

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“Instead of shutting down schools, a better approach would be to reduce school hours, allowing students and teachers time to observe fasting without compromising education. We have consulted Islamic scholars, and they confirmed that these school closures are more about political expediency than religious necessity,” he argued.

Consequently, CAN called on northern governors to reconsider their stance and prioritise education.

“CAN Northern Nigeria, therefore, wishes to appeal to governors of northern Nigeria, especially those who are championing this kind of ill-advised idea, to stop presenting our region in a bad light and make people laugh at us as if we are unserious people.

“As a peace-loving organisation, CAN call on the people to remain calm and law-abiding and challenge stakeholders and well-meaning Nigerians to address the matter amicably.

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“As peace-loving people, CAN in the 19 northern states and Abuja in solidarity with the statement released by the National President of CAN yesterday on this subject matter are calling on the people to remain calm and law-abiding and challenge stakeholders and well-meaning Nigerians to address the matter most amicably,” Hayab added.

Meanwhile, Yobe State has opted against school closures for Ramadan.

Although the state’s Ministry for Basic and Secondary Education has yet to make an official statement, a visit to Bukar Ali El-Kanemi Primary School in Damaturu revealed that classes were ongoing on Monday.

The proprietor of Sarki Musa Memorial Academy, Prof. Musa Tukur, confirmed that school hours had been adjusted to close at noon instead of 1:30 pm to accommodate fasting students, while Quranic classes were temporarily suspended.

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Also, Kebbi State Governor, Nasir Idris, on Monday, approved the reduction of official working hours for the state civil servants in view of the Ramadan fasting.

The state’s Commissione for, Ministry for Establishment, Pension and Training, Awwal Manu Dogondaji, announced this in a statement on Monday.

The commissioner said: “The newly approved hours for the state civil servants from Monday to Thursday is now from 8a.m. to 1p.m while Friday is from 8a.m. to 12p.m.”

He added that the normal working hours would resume at the end of Ramadan period.

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Manu Dogondaji urged people to remain steadfast in prayer for prevailing peace and stability in the state and Nigeria at large.

Credit: PUNCH

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Aiyedatiwa approves recruitment of 1,000 teachers

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Ondo State Governor, Mr Lucky Aiyedatiwa, has approved the recruitment of 1,000 secondary school teachers in the state.

The governor is also putting the finishing touches to the employment of 1,000 teachers for primary schools in the state.

According to a statement issued by his Chief Press Secretary, Mr Ebenezer Adeniyan, on Monday, the governor’s approval came after the completion of the recruitment process by the Teaching Service Commission.

The PUNCH reports that the state TESCOM screened thousands of applicants last year for employment as teachers in the state.

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The statement said successful candidates would begin their documentation immediately.

“The governor gave approval for the recruitment of 1,010 secondary school and 1,000 primary school teachers last year, which signalled the start of the recruitment exercise by TESCOM and the State Universal Basic Education Board.

“While the final list for the secondary school candidates was approved by the governor on Friday, that of the primary school candidates is currently undergoing its finishing touches.

“Governor Aiyedatiwa has expressed concern over teaching staff shortages in public schools, particularly in rural communities.

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“This necessitated his directive that the recruitment must be based on the peculiar needs of the understaffed schools across the state,” the statement read.

The PUNCH reports that as part of efforts to improve education in the state, the governor, on Friday, February 28, 2025, approved the payment of N633m for the registration of students for the Senior Secondary School Certificate Examination of the West African Examination Council.

The governor also approved the upgrade and conversion of the Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, to the University of Agriculture and Agribusiness, Owo.

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