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Polls open in Iran for presidential election

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By Kayode Sanni-Arewa

Polls in Iran opened on Friday for a presidential election following the death of ultraconservative president Ebrahim Raisi in a helicopter crash last month.

The Guardian Council, which vets candidates, allowed him to run against a field of conservatives now dominated by parliamentary speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and former nuclear negotiator Saeed Jalili.

Also left in contention is cleric Mostafa Pourmohammadi after two ultraconservatives dropped out — Tehran major Alireza Zakani and Raisi’s former vice president Amir-Hossein Ghazizadeh Hashemi.

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“We start the elections” for the country’s 14th presidential ballot, Interior Minister Ahmad Vahidi said in a televised address.

Iran’s supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei cast his ballot shortly after the polls opened and urged Iranians to vote.

“Election day is a day of joy and happiness for us Iranians,” he said in a televised speech where he also called for a high turnout.

“We encourage our dear people to take the issue of voting seriously and participate,” he said.

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The election in sanctions-hit Iran comes at a time of high regional tensions between the Islamic Republic and its arch-foes Israel and the United States as the Gaza war rages on.

Polls opened at 8:00 am (0430 GMT) in 58,640 stations across the country, mostly in schools and mosques.

Polling stations will be open for 10 hours, though authorities could extend voting time as in previous elections.

Early projections of the results are expected by Saturday morning and official results by Sunday.

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If no candidate wins 50 per cent of the vote, a second round will be held on July 5, for only the second time in Iranian electoral history after the 2005 vote went to a runoff.

The candidacy of Pezeshkian, until recently a relative unknown, has revived cautious hopes for Iran’s reformist wing after years of dominance by the conservative and ultraconservative camps.

Iran’s last reformist president, Mohammad Khatami, praised him as “honest, fair and caring”.

Khatami, who served from 1997 to 2005, had also endorsed the moderate Hassan Rouhani, who won the presidency and sealed Iran’s nuclear deal in 2015 with Western powers before it was derailed three years later.

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The Iranian opposition, particularly in the diaspora, has called for a boycott of the vote.

Ultimate political power in Iran is held by Khamenei, the supreme leader.

Khamenei insisted this week that “the most qualified candidate” must be “the one who truly believes in the principles of the Islamic Revolution” of 1979 that overthrew the US-backed monarchy.

The next president, he said, must allow Iran “to move forward without being dependent on foreign countries”.

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However, Khamenei also said that Iran should not “cut its relations with the world”.

During campaign debates, Jalili criticised the moderates for having signed the 2015 nuclear accord which promised Iran sanctions relief in return for curbs on the programme.

Jalili said the deal, which the United States withdrew from in 2018 under then-president Donald Trump, “did not benefit Iran at all”.

Pezeshkian has urged efforts to salvage the agreement and lift crippling sanctions on the Iranian economy.

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“Are we supposed to be eternally hostile to America, or do we aspire to resolve our problems with this country?” he asked.

The contentious issue of compulsory head covering for women also emerged during the campaign, almost two years since a vast protest movement swept the country after the death in custody of Mahsa Amini, 22.

An Iranian Kurd, Amini had been arrested for an alleged violation of the country’s strict dress code for women.

In the televised debates, all candidates distanced themselves from the sometimes heavy-handed police arrests of women refusing to wear the hijab head covering in public.

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Pourmohammadi, the only clerical candidate, said that “under no circumstances should we treat Iranian women with such cruelty.”

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Nigerian Online Population Shows Strong Enthusiasm for AI – Report

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A new global survey report from Ipsos and Google has shown widespread use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools among Nigerian online population.

The study, tagged: “Our Life with AI: From Innovation to Application,” surveyed 21,000 people across 21 countries, and observed that global AI usage has jumped to 48 per cent and excitement about its potential now exceeds concerns (57 per cent vs. 43 per cent, up from 50 per cent / 50 per cent last year).

According to the report, in Nigeria, AI adoption and enthusiasm are even higher, as 70 per cent of the Nigerian online population used generative AI, surpassing the 48 per cent global average. Moreover, 87 per cent are excited about AI’s potential and see its benefits outweighing the risks.

Analysing the report, President of Global Affairs, Google & Alphabet, Kent Walker, said: “AI is starting to deliver magic at scale, making people’s lives easier and better. The survey results show the more people use these tools, the more excited they get about the possibilities and about the personal, professional, and scientific breakthroughs on the way.”

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The survey results indicate that optimism about AI is growing within the surveyed online community in Nigeria. Key findings from the survey, show that among survey participants in Nigeria, 70 per cent reported using generative AI in the past year, which is significantly higher than the global average of 48 per cent. A substantial 87 per cent of Nigerian respondents feel that AI’s potential benefits outweigh the associated risks, suggesting a strong belief in the positive impact of AI. A significant 81 per cent of surveyed Nigerian adults believe AI will positively change the economy.

Furthermore, 90 per cent of the survey respondents in Nigeria anticipate AI having a positive impact on science and medicine, demonstrating the widespread belief in the potential of AI to drive progress in these sectors.

According to the report, Nigeria’s online population demonstrates a higher level of excitement and adoption of AI when compared to other regions. The survey indicates: Nigeria is among the top countries in terms of AI usage and excitement about its potential.

This contrasts with more cautious sentiment in some European and North American countries.

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The report also said the Nigerian online community saw immense potential for AI in science and medical advancements:

“A significant 90 per cent of survey respondents expect AI to have a positive impact on science and medicine. This is one of the highest rates globally, highlighting the strong anticipation of breakthroughs in these fields through AI,” the report said, and onlinerd that the population in Nigeria recognised AI’s potential to enhance personal and professional development:

“Many believe AI can make people’s lives better by boosting productivity and providing access to resources. Within the Nigerian online population surveyed, there is a prevailing sentiment that supports the fostering of AI advancement rather than restrictive regulations. This suggests that those surveyed are keen to embrace innovation,” the report further said.

The survey results highlight the strong enthusiasm and optimism of the surveyed online population in Nigeria about the role of AI in various aspects of life, particularly in the economy, healthcare, and scientific advancement. The findings suggest that Nigeria’s online community is among the most enthusiastic globally about the transformative potential of AI.

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Google has been pursuing AI boldly and responsibly for years. In 2018, Google was one of the first companies to establish AI Principles grounded in beneficial use and avoidance of harm. Two years ago, it unveiled its opportunity agenda, which shard concrete recommendations for governments to ensure AI benefits the broadest range of people possible.

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President Tinubu Reportedly Backs Creation of New Southwest State

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President Bola Ahmed Tinubu is reportedly backing the creation of a new Ijebu State in Nigeria’s Southwest region.

The proposed state would be carved out of Ogun State, following a long-standing demand by the Ijebu people for recognition as an independent entity, a fresh report has revealed.

Sources revealed that President Tinubu gave his assurances during a meeting with the Awujale of Ijebuland, Oba Sikiru Adetona, at his Bourdillon residence on January 5.

During the meeting, Oba Adetona said that Ijebu is the only former colonial province in Nigeria that has not been granted statehood, unlike other provinces such as Oyo and Sokoto, which have been divided into multiple states. The monarch argued that the Ijebu people have waited long enough for their own state.

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“The president did not hesitate to express his support,” People’s Gazette quoted a source familiar with the meeting as saying.

Oba Adetona had reportedly highlighted the region’s resources and infrastructure, including industrial estates, an international airport under construction, and plans for a deep-sea port, while making case for the state creation.

In December 2024, Oba Adetona, alongside other traditional rulers and leaders from the Ijebu province, held a meeting to discuss logistics for the proposed state. These discussions focused on issues such as the location of the state capital, the creation of local government areas, and the allocation of federal resources.

The monarch expressed confidence in the region’s ability to thrive as an independent state, stating that it is well-positioned for growth and development. “Ijebu province is economically viable and already has all the infrastructural facilities needed to sustain a state,” he had said.

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Before that, in November 2024, Senator Gbenga Daniel, representing Ogun East, introduced a bill titled the “Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (Sixth Alteration) Bill, 2024 (Creation of Ijebu State) to the National Assembly. The bill seeks to amend the 1999 Constitution to allow for the creation of the new state.

With bills for the creation of other states in other regions of the country, it passed various legislature stages.

Critics argue that the move for the creation of Ijebu State is ill-timed, given the country’s pressing economic issues, including poverty, inflation, and insecurity.

Some political analysts have speculated that President Tinubu’s alleged support for state creation could be politically motivated, as new states might be more inclined to back him for a second term.

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Meanwhile, the presidency has reportedly avoided issuing an official statement on the matter, possibly to prevent sparking controversy among supporters of other state creation initiatives across the country.

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FAAC: FG, States, LGs share N1.424 trillion December 2024 Revenue

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The federation account allocation committee (FAAC) says it shared N1.42 trillion among the three tiers of government in December 2024, noting that Nigeria’s gross statutory revenue declined by 32 percent.

The allocation, which was from a gross total of N2.310 trillion, represents an increase of N300 billion compared to the N1.72 trillion distributed in November.

In a statement on Friday, the ministry of finance said the FAAC announced the disbursements at its December meeting in Abuja, chaired by Wale Edun, minister of finance.

The committee said from distributable amount inclusive of gross statutory revenue, value added tax (VAT), electronic money transfer levy (EMTL), and exchange difference (ED), the federal government received N451 billion, the states received N498 billion, local governments got N361 billion, while the oil producing states received N113.477 billion as derivation, (13 percent of mineral revenue).

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FAAC added that the sum of N84.7 billion was given for the cost of collection, while N801 billion was allocated for transfers, intervention and refunds.

The communique also said the gross revenue available from the VAT for the month of December 2024, was N649.5 billion as against N628.9 billion distributed in the preceding month, resulting in an increase of N20.5 billion.

“From that amount, the sum of N25.982 billion was allocated for the cost of collection and the sum of N18.707 billion given for Transfers, Intervention and Refunds,” FAAC said.

“The remaining sum of N649.561 billion was distributed to the three tiers of government, of which the Federal Government got N90.731 billion, the States received N302.436 billion and Local Government Councils got N211.705 billion.”

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The committee said gross statutory revenue of N1.22 billion received in December was lower than the N1.82 billion received in the previous month by N6.98 million or 32.9 percent.

“From the stated amount, the sum of N57.498 billion was allocated for the cost of collection and a total sum of N782.468 for Transfers, Intervention and Refunds,” the committee added.

“The remaining balance of N386.124 billion was distributed as follows to the three tiers of government: Federal Government got the sum of N167.690 billion, States received N85.055 billion, the sum of N65.574 billion was allocated to LGCs and N67.806 billion was given to Derivation Revenue (13% Mineral producing States).”

Also, N31.2 billion from EMTL was distributed to the federal government (N4.6 billion), states (N15.6 billio), and local governments (N10.9 billion), while N1.3 billion was allocated for the cost of collection.

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In addition, the communique said N402.7 billion from exchange difference was shared with the federal government (N188 billion), states (N95.4 billion), and local governments (N73.5 billion).

The committee said N45.6 billion was given as 13 percent derivation funds.

FAAC said VAT and EMTL increased significantly, while oil and gas royalty, CET levies, excise duty, import duty, petroleum profit tax (PPT) and companies income tax (CIT) decreased considerably.

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