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24 states can’t pay salaries without FG allocation – Budgets
At least 24 states of the federation will not be able to pay workers salaries this year without having to wait for federal allocations from the central government, findings by journalists have revealed.
Only 11 out of the 36 state governments of the federation can independently pay their workers’ salaries without depending on federal allocations, according to an analysis of the state governments’ approved budgets for the 2024 fiscal year.
The states with robust internal revenue are Lagos, Kano, Anambra, Edo, Enugu, Imo, Kaduna, Kwara, Osun, Ogun and Zamfara.
The approved budgets are also contained in Open States, a BudgIT-backed website that serves as a repository of government budget data.
While the budgets of 35 states have been made public, Rivers State budget could not be accessed neither has it also been uploaded the platform.
According to the analysis the budgets data, 24 states cannot fund salaries payments from their Internally-Generated Revenue and, as such, may have to rely on the Federal Government allocations or borrowing from banks and related institutions.
The development also means that the respective wage bills of the affected states surpassed their various IGRs, raising concerns about workers productivity and state governments’ efficiency in internal revenue generation.
The 24 states are Bayelsa, Ondo, Yobe, Sokoto, Taraba, Plateau, Oyo, Niger, Nasarawa, Kogi, Kebbi, Katsina, Jigawa, Gombe, Ekiti, Ebonyi, Borno, Benue, Bauchi, Adamawa, Akwa-Ibom, Cross River, Abia, and Delta.
The development is coming amidst clamour for wage increase by labour unions at both the federal and state levels, following the rising cost of living on the aftermath of fuel subsidy removal and unification of the foreign exchange markets by the current administration.
The Nigerian Labour Congress has consistently maintained that if inflation continues to rise, the organised labour may have no choice but to insist on a new minimum wage of N1m for Nigerian workers. The government however has rejected the demand.
In the first half of 2023, state governments borrowed about N46.17bn from three banks to pay salaries between January and June 2023. The findings were based on an analysis of the half-year 2023 financial statements of Access Bank Plc, Fidelity Bank, and Zenith Bank Plc
The press observed that the states borrowed the most from Access Bank in six months, with a record of N42.97bn loan.
This was followed by Zenith Bank (N1.78bn borrowed) and Fidelity Bank (N1.42bn borrowed) within the six-month period.
In 2023, state governors got the most FAAC allocations in at least seven years. The rise in FAAC allocations to the three tiers of government especially states followed the petrol subsidy removal and currency reforms of the current administration. The reforms have reportedly led to a 40 per cent boost in income.
Experts believe the projected revenue increase should have reduced state governments’ appetite for more borrowings.
In an interview recently, Kaduna State Governor, Uba Sani, claimed that state governments were borrowing to salaries in the past but the removal of fuel subsidies had put an end to such borrowing.
“Every governor in Nigeria is getting more money than we used to get. Before President Bola Tinubu removed the fuel subsidy, in Kaduna State, precisely in May 2023, we were borrowing to pay salaries but immediately after the subsidy removal, after paying salaries without borrowing, we had a surplus of money.”
However, despite the improved funding, no fewer than 32 states indicated plans to borrow N2.78tn from domestic and external institutions to fund their 2024 budget.
According to further analysis of the states budgets, the affected 24 states will spend N1.48tn on salaries in 2024, while they plan to make N914bn IGR. This means the states will need N566bn from either federal allocations or borrowing to complete the payment of salaries.
The breakdown of data shows that Bayelsa State with projected IGR of N23.9bn will need money to pay its workers N69.12bn this year. Ondo State with projected internal revenue of N33.6bn will also need extra money to fund its N56.76bn annual wage bill, while Yobe State will fund its N42.86bn wage bill from its projected IGR of N14.55bn and federal allocation or borrowing.
Sokoto is expected to pay N46.9bn salaries from its anticipated internal revenue of N37.1bn and partial funding from allocation/loan, while Taraba will obtain extra funding to pay its workers N54.47bn from its internal revenue of N27.8bn. Plateau with a projected revenue of N38.89bn must get federal government allocation o clear its wage bill of N52.25bn.
Also, the Oyo State will pay N132.67bn to workers after generating N92.79bn in its coffers. The state will need additional funding to complete this. Niger State with projected revenue of N61.87bn will need help to pay its civil servants N70.24bn while Nasarawa will pay its workers N54.45bn from its projected revenue of N43.3bn and another source.
Further analysis of the budget showed that states such as Kogi will pay its workers N65.07bn from its revenue of N30.23bn and federal allocation, while Kebbi will pay N37.3bn as salaries from its N17.8bn internal revenue and partial federal allocation. Katsina will spend N56.3bn on salaries from its N40bn internal revenue and federal allocation, while Jigawa will pay its workers N64.84bn from its revenue of N50.64bn and federal allocation.
Gombe must pay salaries worth N35.27bn from its anticipated revenue of N22.32bn and federal allocation. Ekiti will spend N2.78bn on salaries from its N1.5bn revenue and federal allocation. Ebonyi’s N28.16bn wage bill surpasses its revenue of N25.1bn, while Borno will pay its workers N50.28bn from its revenue of N27.5bn and federal allocation.
Furthermore, Benue State with revenue of N23.9bn will pay N56.9bn as salaries, while Bauchi must pay salaries worth N46.9bn from its anticipated revenue of N37.1bn and federal allocation; Adamawa will spend N52bn on salaries from its N26.9bn revenue and allocation; Akwa-Ibom will spend N127.8bn on salaries from its N60bn revenue and allocation while Delta with projected revenue of N110.3bn must seek assistance to pay its workers N164.3bn.
Also, Abia with a revenue of N32.14bn will pay N47.83bn as salaries while Cross Rivers with projected revenue of N34.7bn must seek assistance to pay its workers N67.75bn.
According to the budget data, the 11 states which have higher IGR will conveniently fund their combined 980.68bn wage will their internal revenue of N2.34trn
In different forums, financial experts have raised concerns about states’ spending on recurrent expenditure highlighting the need to embrace financial innovations.
A development economist, Aliyu Ilias, said many states had yet to fully develop themselves as industrialised and marketable to attract investors.
Ilias urged governors to develop an area of strength they could leverage to attract foreign investments.
He said, “Going forward, what they could do is to identify one area of strength. For instance, Bayelsa has oil and should be able to attract investments. I think it is about policy. They should give the policy a chance that would allow people to come and invest. They should also create an attraction and develop an economic summit that will make sure they showcase and attract investors.”
An economist and former Vice-Chancellor of the University of Uyo, Prof Akpan Ekpo, also stressed that, “states have to think of new ways of increasing their IGRs. If they continue borrowing to pay salaries, it is not good for the economy.”
He urged the states to increase their revenue by increasing service delivery, which will attract more revenue.
Also reacting, the Managing Director of the Centre for the Promotion of Private Enterprise, Muda Yusuf, said that the report indicated that a majority of states were not financially sustainable and were at risk of insolvency if there was no boost in investment.
He said, “This issue is a fiscal sustainability problem, showing that many states are not fiscally sustainable and need to work towards it; and that the states need to do a lot more to attract more investments to their states so that their level of dependence on the Federal Allocation Accounts Committee would reduce.
“Even as we speak, many of them are also in debt and by the time they pay salaries and service their debts, there is not much left to improve on infrastructure. It’s in the interest of the sustainability of the states for them to be more creative in generating more revenue and attracting more investment to their states so that they can generate more revenue.
“Secondly, we also need to address the issue of fiscal federalism because some of the states don’t have power over some resources in their domain and can’t bring investors into it. For instance, mining is controlled mainly by the federal government, you get permission from them and revenue is remitted to them. So we need to revisit the issue of restructuring to help states have more control over resources within their domain.
Continuing, the economist stated that the state governors should take a cue from the Federal Government to reduce its bloated staff and political appointees.
“Most of these states have heavy overhead and they have very bloated bureaucracy, political appointees and they are putting a lot of pressure on their resources, so they have to do some rationalisation on their staff, many of them don’t need more than 50 per cent of their workforce but for political reasons, they put all manner of characters on their payroll including the local government. They have to look at that and take a cue from the Federal Government on the Oronsaye report.”
News
Tax Reform: Gov Sule dismisses claims of rift with President Tinubu
The governor of Nasarawa State, Abdullahi Sule, has faulted the efforts to create a wedge between President Bola Tinubu and governors of the North over the controversial tax reform bills currently at the National Assembly, saying the governors who worked for his emergence have never and are not working against him.
Governor Sule made the disclosure on Friday while receiving a delegation from the Christian Association of Nigeria, CAN, who visited him at the Government House in Lafia. He explained that what the northern governors called for was the need for further consultation on the tax reform bill before the National Assembly, which encompasses the Value Added Tax.
He accused some vested interests of spreading false information with the intent to cause political tension through unfounded insinuations that the northern governors were opposed to the president.
According to Sule, people who were opposed to Tinubu’s presidency are now pretending to be his better supporters more than those who fought for his victory.
For some people making noise and saying the Northern governors are fighting the President, nobody is fighting the President. How could you fight a President who has made you look good? This is the truth. All we are saying is that some aspects of it, we need to look into it,” he said.
Sule thanked President Tinubu for enacting policies that have made governance and development easy in Nasarawa State without going into debt, saying he could not kick against a leader who has made meaningful contributions to the state’s progress.
The governor said there was a need for better understanding of some of the provisions in the tax reform bills. “We called for the withdrawal of the bills to review some aspects. They said it’s a wrong language, that amendments can be made without withdrawing the bills. I said that’s fine. I’m not looking for any trouble,” he explained.
On Value Added Tax, Governor Sule leaned on his private sector experience to impress upon its necessity for state finances.
He explained that Nasarawa State receives over N4 billion monthly from VAT, which has been very critical for its capital projects. He expressed apprehension over possible changes in the formula for sharing VAT due to the implication for states like Nasarawa, which rely so much on such revenue with their very meager IGR.
I know more about VAT than most of those arguing about it. Having been a chief executive, I know how it is generated and used. Today, it is the lifeblood of many states. Take away VAT from FAAC and you will see how we will all be struggling to fund projects, and I must speak for my people.”.
Governor Sule thanked the CAN Chairman, Very Reverend Dr. Sunday Emma, and his team for calling on the government to create more awareness on the tax reforms. He aligned himself with the call for comprehensive sensitization to be given to Nigerians on the proposed changes.
If they do proper sensitization and address the VAT issue, I will be fully supportive of the tax reforms. But it will be difficult without that, especially for states with low IGR,” he concluded.
Earlier, Dr. Emma had urged both federal and state governments to prioritize awareness campaigns about the tax reforms to foster greater public understanding and inclusion.
News
Why some stations sell petrol above N1,000/litre — Marketers
Marketers of petroleum products say filling stations still sell Premium Motor Spirit, otherwise called petrol, above N1,000 per litre because they have yet to sell out the old stock.
According to them, the old stock of PMS was bought at the rate of N970 and many still have the product in their tanks.
The PUNCH reported that on December 19, 2024, the Dangote refinery slashed the ex-depot price of its petrol from N970 to N899.50 per litre.
Similarly, the Dangote refinery announced its partnership with MRS Petrol station to sell petrol from its retail outlets nationwide at N935 per litre.
The President of Dangote Industries Limited, Aliko Dangote, clarified that the reduction in the price of PMS was primarily driven by the complex dynamics of market forces.
This generated what some called a price war in the downstream sector, forcing the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited to reduce its ex-depot price to N899 per litre.
Since the price cuts, NNPC retail outlets in Lagos and its environs have adjusted their pumps to N925/litre.
Similarly, some major marketers were forced to sell petrol below N1,000 a litre. Some sell at N990, N980, N950 or N935.
However, our correspondent observed that despite the price reduction, many filling stations are still selling a litre of petrol above N1,000.
In many filling stations in Lagos, Ogun and many other states, the price still goes for as high as N1,070 per litre.
Although some have effected some changes, they still sell around N1,050, N1,030, N1,010 or N1,000 per litre as of Wednesday.
The price disparity between these filling stations and those owned by major marketers has been blamed for the queues in the latter.
Speaking in an interview with our correspondent, the National Vice President of the Independent Petroleum Marketers Association of Nigeria, Hammed Fashola, said the marketers were still struggling with the old stock they bought at the old price.
Fashola maintained that the reduction cannot just take effect immediately.
“Some of our members have old stocks. So, there’s no way they can just start immediately. It’s only when they go back to the market to purchase at the lower price, then they will start selling at the new price. If you look around, as of yesterday, I see many of our members have come down to N940 or N935 in Lagos. So, by next week, you will see more of them. Once they finish with their old stock, they will start selling at the reduced rate,” Fashola stated.
According to him, marketers are aware of the competition out there and no one wants to be left behind.
“You cannot deceive yourself. This is competition. This is what we have been asking for. So, if you like, put your fuel at N1,500, nobody will buy it. So, it’s not deliberate. If you are still seeing a few of us that are still selling at N1,000, it is because of the old stock. Once they finish with their old stocks, they will start selling at the lower price,” he emphasised.
When Fashola was reminded that the filling stations would not have retained the old price if the price had gone up, he replied, “Well, as a businessman, your purpose is to remain in the business. So, if you make a huge loss, you can go down. That’s just it. It is natural.”
Nonetheless, the IPMAN Vice President maintained that a lot of marketers are now making losses due to the price reduction.
“Even at that, some of us still make losses. I can tell you that some people when their stock gets to a level that they can bear the loss, they will reduce their prices. I can take myself an example. Some of my stations yesterday, when we looked at our stock, maybe we had 20,000 litres in some of our stations, we calculated our losses and I thought it was minimal. So, we reduced our prices despite being the old stock.
“That’s the truth. That’s because people are running away. That’s the reality. Many of our members are doing that too. When they calculate the loss and they can bear this loss, they fix a new price,” he stated.
While acknowledging the positive impacts of deregulation, Fashola noted that there is also a negative effect to it.
“The negative effect of deregulation is like what we are just discussing. If you buy a product at maybe, N1,000 today, and tomorrow, the price goes down to N950. You’ve already recorded a N50 loss. You buy a product today from a depot and the following day, the price goes down. Have you finished that stock? It’s not possible. That is the negative aspect of it. Therefore, you have to be careful. You have to go with information before you make your purchases, even before you make your imports.
“And there are some factors you have to consider. That is the exchange rate and the crude oil price. Those are the major factors that determine the price of petroleum products. So, you have to be futuristic. You have to be able to project very well before you make your move. Otherwise, you enter into trouble. That is one of the negative aspects of deregulation. But, we have to cope with it,” he explained.
The marketer lamented that those in the business now face financial challenges following the removal of fuel subsidies.
As the price of PMS rose from N200 to N1,000 per litre, Fashola disclosed that marketers are finding it difficult to do business, especially as the interest rate rises monthly in banks.
“When you go to the bank, you know the interest you will pay. So, which way? We need more money to remain in business–more money, but with a little margin. This is really impacting on us. But we all call for deregulation and we have to live by it. We don’t have an option,” he added.
Fashola advised marketers to get themselves prepared for the challenges ahead, the reality, and the new trend, saying “We cannot be doing our business the way we used to do it before.”
On his part, the National Publicity Secretary of the Petroleum Products Retail Outlet Owners Association of Nigeria, Joseph Obele, said no member of the association has bought fuel at the reduced rate.
“None of our members has bought at the reduced rate at the moment,” Obele said, justifying why some filling stations still sell PMS at a higher rate.
He added that there was a wide disparity between the price of PMS in Lagos and Port Harcourt or other places far from Lagos.
According to him, the NNPC sells PMS at N899 in Lagos and N970 in Port Harcourt due to logistics.
Credit: PUNCH
News
Abia police disband anti-cultism unit, demote officer
The Abia State Police Command has disbanded its anti-cultism unit over unprofessional conduct.
This was revealed in a statement by the state Police Public Relations Officer, Maureen Chinaka, which also announced the demotion of a corporal to constable.
The statement, issued on Tuesday, read, “The Commissioner of Police, Abia State Command, CP Danladi Isa, in alignment with the vision of the Inspector General of Police (IGP), to establish a professionally competent, service-driven, rule-of-law-compliant, and people-friendly police force, has disbanded the command’s Anti-Cultism Unit for unprofessional conduct and incivility towards members of the public.
“Additionally, F/No: 527324 Corporal Okonkwo Ebuka, attached to the Area Command, Aba, but on special duty at Isuochi was demoted from corporal to constable.
“This decision followed the conclusion of an administrative action in which he was tried in an orderly room and found guilty for discreditable and unprofessional conduct and incivility to members of the public.”
The commissioner stressed the command’s zero-tolerance policy for any form of unprofessional conduct among officers which could tarnish the image of the Force.
“Members of the public are also encouraged to report any unprofessional conduct by officers to the Complaint Response Unit, Abia Command via 09031593827,” the statement read.
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