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Economy

Dollar “kasala”: CBN to raise BDC’s share capital to N2bn

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By Kayode Sanni-Arewa

The Central Bank of Nigeria is considering increasing the share capital of Bureau De Change operators to N2bn and N500m for Tier 1 and Tier 2 licences.

The currency operators were previously charged N35m for a general licence.

This was contained in the draft paper of a “Revised Regulatory And Supervisory Guidelines For Bureau De Change Operations In Nigeria” published by the apex bank on Friday.

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The new guidelines contain several new changes to the guidelines for BDC operations in the country and if endorsed will be effective at a date decided by the CBN.

Recently, operations of the currency operators have suffered heavy backlash following the free fall of the naira against the dollar.

Government officials have severely blamed the black market operators for this fall though liquidity remains a huge challenge.

This week, operatives of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commision arrested over 250 BDC operators in Abuja and many more in other states of the federation.

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Under the minimum capital requirements, the central bank is introducing a two-tier license for BDC operators in the country.

The guidelines read, “A Tier 1 BDC is authorised to operate on a national basis can open branches and may appoint franchisees, subject to the approval of the CBN.

“A Tier 1 BDC (which is the franchisor) shall exercise supervisory oversight over its franchisees. All franchisees shall adopt their franchisor’s name, branding, technology platform, and rendition requirements.

“Also, a Tier 2 BDC is authorised to operate only in one state or the FCT. It may have up to three locations – a head office and two branches, subject to approval of the CBN. It is not permitted to appoint franchisees.”

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“Under Tier 1, operators are expected to have N2bn as minimum share capital while also depositing a Mandatory Caution Deposit of N200m.

The application and licence fee is also N1 million and N5 million respectively.

“Under Tier 2, operators are expected to have N500 million as minimum share capital while depositing a Mandatory Caution Deposit of N50 million. The application and licence fee are also N250,000 and N2 million respectively.”

The apex bank also stated that the prescribed minimum capital of BDCs and any subsequent capital injection shall be subject to verification by the CBN.

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Economy

UK plans to regulate Cryptocurrency in 2027

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Britain has announced that it will formally bring cryptocurrency companies under the purview of its financial regulations by 2027, in a sweeping move aimed at safeguarding investors and boosting the country’s status as a global digital finance hub.

The United Kingdom (UK) government, in a statement released on Monday, December 15, said the new framework will be firm and proportionate, ensuring crypto firms play by the same rules as traditional financial services.

Under the new legislation, crypto firms will be regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), the body that already oversees banks, insurers, and other financial institutions in the UK.

This will subject crypto companies to well-established transparency and reporting standards. The FCA is expected to publish its specific regulatory framework for the sector in 2026, ahead of full enforcement the following year.

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UK Chancellor of the Exchequer, Rachel Reeves, described the move as “a crucial step in securing the UK’s position as a world-leading financial centre in the digital age.”

“By giving firms clear rules of the road, we are providing the certainty they need to invest, innovate and create high-skilled jobs here in the UK,” Reeves stated.

She added that the legislation will equip millions of Britons with “strong consumer protections” while “locking dodgy actors out of the UK market.”

Britain joins a growing list of jurisdictions stepping up oversight of the volatile crypto industry. The European Union rolled out similar legislation in 2023, and the United States is gradually establishing its own rules in response to mounting scrutiny.

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The regulatory tightening comes in the wake of several scandals that have rocked the industry, including the collapse of major exchanges and investment platforms.

Just last week, a US court sentenced crypto mogul Do Kwon to 15 years in prison for fraud related to the downfall of his company, which wiped out an estimated $40 billion in investor funds and sent shockwaves across global markets.

With the UK’s new regulatory framework now on the horizon, industry players have roughly two years to adapt.

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Economy

FG, States, LGs Share ₦1.928trn November 2025 Revenue

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A total sum of ₦1.928 trillion, being November 2025 Federation Account Revenue, has been shared to the Federal Government, States and the Local Government Councils.

According to a statement by the Federation Account Allocation Committee (FAAC), the revenue was shared at the December 2025 Federation Account Allocation Committee (FAAC) meeting held in Abuja.

The ₦1.928 trillion total distributable revenue comprised distributable statutory revenue of ₦1.403 trillion, distributable Value Added Tax (VAT) revenue of ₦485.838 billion, Electronic Money Transfer Levy (EMTL) revenue of ₦39.646 billion.

A communiqué issued by the Federation Account Allocation Committee (FAAC) indicated that total gross revenue of ₦2.343 trillion was available in the month of November 2025. Total deduction for cost of collection was ₦84.251 billion while total transfers, interventions, refunds and savings was ₦330.625 billion.

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According to the communiqué, gross statutory revenue of ₦1.736 trillion was received for the month of November 2025. This was lower than the sum of ₦2.164 trillion received in the month of October 2025 by ₦427.969 billion.

Gross revenue of N563. 042 billion was available from the Value Added Tax (VAT) in November 2025. This was lower than the N719.827 billion available in the month of October 2025 by N156.785 billion.

The communiqué stated that from the N1.928 trillion total distributable revenue, the Federal Government received a total sum of N747.159 billion and the State Governments received a total sum of N601.731 billion.

The Local government Council received N445.266 billion, while the sum of N134.355 billion (13% of mineral revenue) was shared to the benefiting State as derivation revenue.

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On the N1.403 trillion distributable statutory revenue, the communiqué stated that the Federal Government received N668.336 billion and the State Governments received N338.989 billion.

The Local Government Councils received N261.346 billion and the sum of N134.355 billion (13% of mineral revenue) was shared to the benefiting States as derivation revenue.

From the N485.838 billion distributable Value Added Tax (VAT) revenue, the Federal Government received N72.876 billion, the State Governments received N242.919 billion and the Local Government Councils received N170.043 billion.

A total sum of N5.947 billion was received by the Federal Government from the N39.646 billion Electronic Money Transfer Levy (EMTL), the State Governments received N19.823 billion and the Local Government Councils received N13.876 billion.

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In November 2025, Excise Duty increased moderately while Petroleum Profit Tax (PPT), Hydrocarbon Tax (HT), CIT on Upstream Activities, Companies Income Tax (CIT), CGT and SDT, Oil & Gas Royalties, Import Duty, CET Levies, Value Added Tax (VAT), Electronic Money Transfer Levy (EMTL) and Fees recorded substantial decreases.

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Economy

Naira Slides Against Dollar On Monday, December 15

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On Monday, December 15, 2025, the naira exchanged at ₦1,485 per US dollar across Nigeria.

This new figure shows a decline compared to Sunday, December 14, when the currency traded at ₦1,482 per dollar. The movement represents a slight depreciation, indicating that the naira weakened marginally compared to the previous day.

Analysts note that an exchange-rate movement like this suggests renewed pressure on the local currency, even if minimal. Some observers say the drop may be linked to increased dollar demand, tighter supply in the market, or cautious sentiment among traders at the start of the new week.

The movement also highlights that, despite recent fluctuations, the foreign exchange market remains highly sensitive to demand patterns, investor confidence, and external inflows. Experts caution that while the naira weakened today, short-term changes like this are common in the current FX environment and do not necessarily signal a sustained trend.

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For businesses, particularly importers, the weaker naira could slightly increase cost considerations in procurement and pricing. Many firms are expected to continue monitoring market developments closely to determine whether the depreciation will persist or reverse in subsequent sessions.

Manufacturers, retailers, and service providers are still operating cautiously within the present FX climate, as long-term stability remains dependent on improved dollar supply, consistent policy direction, and stronger investor confidence.

At ₦1,485 per dollar, the naira has worsened compared to the previous day, reflecting a mild depreciation and underscoring the fragile balance within the foreign exchange market.

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