Economy
CBN Reduces Interest Rate By 50 Basis Points To 27%
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The Central Bank of Nigeria’s Monetary Policy Committee has reduced the interest rate by 50 basis points, from 27.5 per cent in July to 27 per cent.
This followed the decision of the 12 members of the Committee at its 302nd meeting held on September 22nd and 23rd, 2025.
The asymmetric corridor around the MPR was retained at +260 and -250 basis points, providing a framework for liquidity management and signaling the CBN’s cautious approach toward market volatility.
CBN Governor, Olayemi Cardoso, who briefed journalists after the meeting, said the committee’s decision to lower the monetary policy rate was predicated on the sustained disinflation recorded in the past five months, projections of declining inflation for the rest of 2025, and the need to support economic inflation records.
It also reduced the cash reserve requirement to 45 per cent for commercial banks and retained that of merchant banks at 16 per cent.
The Committee has also introduced a 75 per cent cash reserve requirement on non-TSA public sector deposits for enhanced liquidity management.
To improve the efficiency of the bank market and strengthen monetary policy transmission, the MPC also adjusted the standing facilities corridor
Meanwhile, the liquidity ratio has been left unchanged at 30 percent.
Consideration:
The MPC expressed satisfaction with the prevailing macroeconomic stability evidenced by the improvements in several indicators such as sustained disinflation, improved output growth, stable exchange rate, and robust external reserves.
It particularly noted the increased momentum of disinflation in August 2025, being the highest in the past five months.
This deceleration, underpinned by monetary policy tightening, exchange rate stability, and increased capital inflow surplus current account balance, has helped to broadly anchor inflation expectations, the Committee noted.
“Other factors that contributed to the deceleration include the continued moderation in the price of PMS and the notable increase in crude oil production.
“In the view of the committee, the stability in the macroeconomic environment offered some headroom for monetary policy to support economic growth and recovery.”
“Notwithstanding the consistent deceleration in inflation, the Committee said it observed the persistent reduction of excess liquidity in the banking system, resulting largely from fiscal releases emerging from improving revenues.
“Being mindful of the need to preserve the prevailing macroeconomic stability, the MPC noted the risk posed by the excess liquidity in the banking system.
“Members noted that the effective functioning of the inter-banking system is critical to enhance transmission of the monetary policy.
“This, therefore, informed the decision to adjust the width of the standing facilities corridor to boost inter-banking market transactions and the stability of the market.”
Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew by 4.23 per cent on a year-on-year basis in the second quarter of 2025, according to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) on Monday.
The latest figures showed an improvement from the 3.48 per cent growth recorded in the same quarter of 2024, indicating continued recovery and resilience in the economy.
According to the report, the agriculture sector grew by 2.82 per cent in real terms during the period under review, an increase from the 2.60 per cent recorded in the second quarter of 2024.
The industry sector also showed strong performance, growing by 7.45 per cent, compared to 3.72 per cent in the corresponding period of the previous year. Meanwhile, the services sector recorded a real growth of 3.94 per cent, slightly up from the 3.83 per cent posted in the second quarter of 2024.
The share of the industry sector in the country’s GDP increased to 17.31 per cent in Q2 2025, higher than the 16.79 per cent recorded in the same quarter of 2024.
In nominal terms, aggregate GDP stood at N100.73 trillion in the second quarter of 2025, up from N84.48 trillion in the same period of the previous year, representing a nominal year-on-year growth of 19.23 per cent.
Economy
Again, NNPCL Increases Fuel Price For Second Time In Two Days
The Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited, NNPCL, has increased the pump price of Premium Motor Spirit, PMS at its retail outlets for the second time in less than two days.
A market survey by DAILY POST showed that NNPCL raised its petrol price to N1,335 per litre on Wednesday from N1,270 per litre on Tuesday.
This means that the state-owned filling station increased its fuel price by N65 per litre.
The new price has been implemented at NNPCL filling stations in Wuse Zone 6 (Berger), Zone 4, and other outlets in Abuja and its environs.
Recall that on Tuesday, NNPCL increased its petrol pump price by N115 per litre to N1,270 per litre.
The latest increase comes amid continued petrol price volatility in the country’s downstream oil sector following Dangote Refinery’s resumption of the sale of refined petroleum products in U.S. dollars.
DAILY POST reports that crude oil prices rose by nearly 4 percent on Wednesday as airstrikes intensified in the Middle East.
Economy
Old telecom rules can’t handle AI, digital era, says NCC
The Nigerian Communications Commission has said Africa’s telecommunications regulators must overhaul traditional regulatory approaches to keep pace with rapid technological changes, warning that existing frameworks were no longer adequate for an industry increasingly driven by artificial intelligence, satellite services, cloud computing and digital public infrastructure.
The Executive Commissioner for Stakeholder Management at the NCC, Rimini Makama, stated this on Tuesday in Abuja during the Head of Regulators Roundtable held on the sidelines of the ongoing 7th Ordinary Session of the Conference Preparatory Committee of the African Telecommunications Union.
Makama said the telecommunications landscape had become significantly more complex, requiring regulators to rely on data and market intelligence rather than conventional regulatory methods.
“Our discussion today turns on one question that matters to every regulator in this room. How do we use data and evidence to make decisions that are smarter, more transparent, and more focused on our consumer? Our markets are no longer simple,” she said.
She added, “Broadband is expanding, satellite services are arriving, AI, cloud computing, and digital public infrastructure are reshaping our sector. The old regulatory approaches were built for a simpler time. They are no longer enough.”
According to her, regulators across Africa now possess unprecedented volumes of technical, market and consumer data, but the real challenge lies in converting that information into better regulatory decisions.
“To stay ahead of the problem and not just react to it, we need trusted intelligence,” Makama said.
She explained that because African digital markets were becoming increasingly interconnected, regulators faced similar responsibilities in protecting consumers, promoting competition, attracting investment and strengthening network resilience.
“The challenge is not collecting it. The challenge is turning it into better decisions,” she said.
Makama said the NCC had developed a regulatory intelligence ecosystem that integrates multiple data sources, including quality of service and quality of experience indicators, consumer complaints, compliance analytics and market intelligence to support evidence-based policymaking.
“It brings several data sources into one place, so that our decisions rest on evidence, quality of service, and quality of experience data, consumer complaints, compliance analytics, and market intelligence. We will walk you through some of the recent cases where this intelligence led to real and measurable outcomes,” she said.
She urged regulators across the continent to deepen collaboration by sharing practical experiences and developing trusted approaches to data verification, advanced analytics and consumer-focused regulation.
Makama also challenged participants to examine how regulators could ensure the independence and accuracy of regulatory data, remove barriers to information sharing and measure consumer experience beyond conventional quality-of-service metrics.
Earlier, the Executive Vice-Chairman of the NCC, Dr Aminu Maida, said African regulators were increasingly confronted with common challenges despite operating under different legal and institutional frameworks.
According to him, discussions among regulators now routinely revolve around investment, infrastructure resilience, satellite communications, cybersecurity, affordability, artificial intelligence and emerging technologies.
“We may regulate markets of different sizes, operate under different legal frameworks, and respond to different national priorities. But the realities of our work are often remarkably similar,” Maida said.
He added, “Someone asks, how are things back home? Five minutes later, we are discussing investment, infrastructure resilience, satellite services, cyber security, affordability, artificial intelligence, or the latest technology that has arrived just in time to test the regulatory framework we thought had finally settled.”
Maida said such shared experiences underscored the need for stronger collaboration among African regulators to avoid addressing similar problems independently.
“The challenge that one regulator is trying to solve has already been encountered in one form or another by a colleague elsewhere on the continent. So, the question really is how we make that exchange of experience more deliberate, more systematic, and more useful to our institutions,” he said.
He described the roundtable as an opportunity to strengthen evidence-based regulation by encouraging the use of data, market intelligence and practical experience in policymaking.
Also speaking, the Executive Commissioner, Technical Services, Sunday Oshadami, said the NCC had prioritised transparency by ensuring operators clearly understood regulatory obligations and by making key performance information available to subscribers.
He said the commission had also invested in satellite monitoring capabilities to strengthen oversight of satellite communications and improve regulatory compliance.
According to Oshadami, the commission had established facilities to monitor developments in satellite communications and continued to invest in standard monitoring solutions to support effective regulation as new technologies gain prominence.
The PUNCH earlier reported that stakeholders in Nigeria’s telecommunications sector on recently backed the Nigerian Communications Commission’s draft business rules for Mobile Virtual Network Operators, while urging the regulator to strengthen enforcement to resolve persistent operational and commercial disputes between MVNOs and Mobile Network Operators.
Economy
Nigeria’s external reserves rise to $52.52bn – Cardoso
Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria, Yemi Cardoso, says Nigeria’s foreign exchange reserves has presently risen to 52.52 billion dollars.
Cardoso said this on Tuesday in Abuja, while presenting a communique issued at the end of the 306th meeting of the apex bank’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC).
The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports that he had earlier announced the decision of the MPC to retain the Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) at 26.5 per cent.
The committee also retained the Standing Facilities Corridor around the MPR at +50/-450 basis points.
Cash Reserve Requirement (CRR) for Deposit Money Banks was retained at 45.00 per cent, Merchant Banks at 16.00 per cent, and non-TSA public sector deposits at 75.00 per cent
According to Cardoso, gross external reserves rose to 52.52 billion dollars as of July 17, from 50.47 billion dollars
as at end-May.
He said that the rise was mainly as a result of receipts from crude oil-related taxes and third-party inflows.
“This is sufficient to finance approximately 11 months of imports of goods and services, surpassing the international benchmark of three months cover,” he said.
The CBN governor said that headline inflation (year-on-year) eased marginally to 15.91 per cent in June, from
15.93 per cent in May, ending the three consecutive months of uptick in price levels.
He said that the decline resulted from a decrease in the non-food component which offset the increase
in food inflation.
“Food inflation rose to 17.52 per cent in June, from 16.96 per cent in May, reflecting supply constraints.
“However, core inflation moderated to 15.92 per cent in June, from 16.82 per cent in May, largely on the back of exchange rate stability.
“Similarly, the 12-month average inflation rate sustained its decline to 17.63 per cent in June, from 18.36 per cent in May,’ ‘ he said.
He said that it marked the sixth month of consecutive moderation and reflected a slower pace of price increases over the medium term.’
According to him, on a month-on-month basis, headline inflation declined to 1.66 per cent in June from 1.75 per cent in May, driven by a slowdown in core inflation.
He said that real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) expanded by 3.89 per cent in the first quarter of 2026, compared with 4.07 per cent in the preceding period.
“This is largely driven by the resilience of the non-oil sector, which grew by 3.94 per cent, supported by improvements in telecommunications, financial services, trade, transportation, and other services sub-sectors.
“Oil sector GDP growth rate declined to 2.57 per cent in the first quarter of 2026 from 6.79 per cent in the fourth quarter
of 2025, due to the maintenance of oil facilities and installations.
“However, recent data showed improvement in economic activities as composite Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) rose to 50.1 index points in June from 49.6 index points in May,” Cardoso said.
He said that output growth was projected to remain resilient into 2026, anchored on the recent improvement in crude oil production, expansionary PMI and the positive impact of timely policy reforms.
“Inflation is projected to moderate further in the medium term on the back of continued stability in the foreign exchange market.
“This will also be due to lagged effect of previous monetary policy tightening and improved food supply conditions as the harvest season approaches,” he said.
He, however, said that the key risk to the outlook remained the severe and prolonged escalation of the
Middle East conflict.
“In the light of these considerations, the MPC reaffirmed its commitment to preserve price and financial system stability.
“The committee remains prepared to take appropriate policy measures guided by evolving macroeconomic conditions,” he said.
NAN
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