Foreign
Key reasons Ethiopia was never colonised
Ethiopia is the only African country that was never colonised by Britain. While many African countries were colonised by European powers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Ethiopia successfully resisted colonisation, became Africa’s oldest independent state and the only African country that avoided colonial rule.
Although Italy only occupied Ethiopia in 1936 and got kicked out in 1941, it is still considered as the only African nation that was never colonised by the Europeans.
Ethiopia’s journey towards independence began long before the ‘scramble for Africa’ – the period between 1884 and 1914, when the European colonisers partitioned unexplored African continent into protectorates, colonies and ‘free-trade areas’ – in the late 19th century. Ethiopia had established itself as a powerful empire in the Horn of Africa, renowned for its strong monarchies and proud traditions with a sense of national identity and unity which proved crucial in facing external threats.
As European powers embarked on their quest for colonial domination in Africa, Ethiopia emerged as a prime target due to its strategic location and abundant resources. However, unlike many African nations – like Nigeria, Kenya, South Africa, Sierra Leone, etc – that succumbed to European armies and colonial ambitions, Ethiopia resisted all of these.
One of the defining moments in Ethiopia’s struggle against colonialism came in 1896, during the Battle of Adwa. In a remarkable display of unity and military prowess, Ethiopian forces, led by Emperor Menelik II, defeated the Italian army, which sought to establish colonial rule and with the victory at Adwa, the myth of European invincibility was broken thereby cementing Ethiopia’s status as an independent nation.Some of the reasons why Ethiopia was able to stand firm against the Europeans are:
1. Ethiopia was able to use diplomacy and strategic alliances to maintain its independence. Emperor Menelik II forged alliances with European powers, such as France and Russia, which provided Ethiopia with economic and military support. These alliances also made it clear to potential colonizers that any attempt to invade Ethiopia would be met with resistance from a powerful coalition of nations.
2. Ethiopia was able to modernize its military and political institutions, which made it a formidable opponent to potential colonizers. The country’s ruler at the time, Emperor Menelik II, recognized the threat of European imperialism and began a program of modernization and reform investing in modern weapons, training its army and reforming the country’s legal and administrative systems, making Ethiopia a more centralized and efficient state.
3. Ethiopia was an independent nation, with a long and proud history of resistance to foreign rule. The country had successfully fought off attempts at invasion by neighboring countries, such as Egypt and Italy, before the scramble for Africa even began.
Furthermore, Ethiopia’s terrain and geography served as challenges to colonizers. The country’s mountainous landscapes and remote regions made it difficult for foreign armies to penetrate deep into Ethiopian territory, providing a natural defense against external threats.
Ethiopia’s status as the only African country that was never colonized by Britain is proof of the resilience, courage, and determination of its people. Through centuries of struggle and sacrifice, Ethiopia emerged triumphant, preserving its independence and inspiring generations of Africans to fight for their freedom with its legacy becoming the nation that defied the odds and carved its destiny amidst the noise of colonialism.
Foreign
Osama bin Laden’s son suddenly resurfaces alive
Hamza bin Laden, the son of Osama bin Laden, widely believed had died is alive and leading al-Qaeda.
Hamza, 34, was previously reported dead in 2019, and reportedly based in Jalalabad, a known terrorist hub east of Kabul.
The development is now raising serious concerns about the continuation of Osama bin Laden’s legacy and the potential for further violence and terrorism, UK Mirror reports.
According to the report, Hamza, also known as the “Crown Prince of Terror,” is said to be secretly commanding the terrorist network, alongside his brother Abdullah.
The report said intelligence suggests that both brothers have established a militant dynasty.
They are assumed to have 10 major terror training camps in Afghanistan and connections to other global extremist groups.
The report further revealed that Hamza has camps where he trains fighters and suicide bombers, and teach them how to slip out of Afghanistan to launch threats against Western targets.
“Hamza bin Laden is not only alive but actively involved in al-Qaeda’s resurgence, a fact well-known among senior Taliban leaders. These leaders engage with him, holding regular meetings and securing him and his family,” a report seen by the Mirror stated.
Source: Caveat
Foreign
New York considers paying reparations for slavery
New York is considering paying reparations to the descendants of slaves under new plans approved by the City Council.
The proposals are yet to be signed into law by Democratic Mayor Eric Adams. They are aimed at acknowledging and addressing the impact of slavery in New York City
According to the City Council, New York City had one of the highest rates of slave ownership in the country during the 1700s, before abolishing it in 1872.
However, businesses across the city, including the predecessors of some modern banks, continued to benefit financially from the slave trade up until 1866.
The lawmakers behind the proposals noted that the harms caused by the institution are still felt by Black Americans today.
One of the proposals would also require the city to install a sign on Wall Street in Manhattan to mark the site of New York’s first slave market. The market operated between 1711 and 1762.
Public Advocate Jumaane Williams said: “The wealth of Wall Street banks was built on the backs of the human beings sold on that very spot.
“And we have a moral obligation to accurately acknowledge this slave market’s tragic history, the pain of enslaved people in our city, and the role slavery had in New York’s economy, one which has echoed painfully across generations.”
Council Member Farah Louis, a Democrat who sponsored one of the bills, told the City Council on Thursday: “The reparations movement is often misunderstood as merely a call for compensation.”
She added that systemic forms of oppression still affected Black American’s today, including through the underfunding of crucial services in predominantly black neighbourhoods.
“Does that mean we are going to hand everyone a check? No,” Louis said.
Special focus on 20 Amazons of distinction driving Nigeria’s Economic Growth (1)
“But starting the conversation is the most important part.”
City Hall signaled the mayor’s support in a statement calling the legislation “another crucial step towards addressing systemic inequities, fostering reconciliation, and creating a more just and equitable future for all New Yorkers.”
However, not all city council members were on board with the new bill.
Joseph Borelli, the Republican minority leader of the city council, who represents Staten Island, criticized the plans.
“I bear no responsibility for slavery,” Borelli said.
“Unless someone could explain to me why I should bear some individual and societal guilt through my taxes, I’m going to be opposed.”
The new bills would direct the city’s Commission on Racial Equity to suggest remedies to the legacy of slavery, including reparations.
It would also create a truth and reconciliation process to establish historical facts about slavery in the state.
The commission would work with the existing state commission, which is also considering the possibility of reparations.
Credit: MailOnline
Foreign
UK Government Increases Proof Of Funds For Foreign Students To £1,483 Per Month
The United Kingdom government has introduced new financial requirements for foreign nationals intending to study in the country, with the proof of funds amount significantly increased.
According to the Home Office, students planning to study in London must now show evidence of having £1,483 per month to cover living costs, while those studying outside London must have £1,136 per month.
This marks a rise from the previous rates of £1,334 for London and £1,023 for other UK cities.
Under the new rules, students studying in London for nine or more months will need at least £13,348 in savings to apply for a visa.
The Home Office explained that this adjustment is intended to align the financial requirements for foreign students with the revised maintenance loans available for domestic students, ensuring that both groups have adequate funds for living expenses.
The Home Office stated that the increase is essential to align with the updated cost of living in the UK.
Student applicants must meet the maintenance requirement, which will cover each month of their course, up to a maximum of nine months.
According to the office, these changes will take effect for students arriving in the UK on or after January 2, 2025.
However, if a student has already paid a deposit for accommodation in the UK, this amount can be deducted from the total funds they are required to show.
The Home Office also noted that it will continue adjusting the financial requirement to reflect inflation and increases in domestic maintenance loans.
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