Health
Taking salt substitutes may lower risk for heart disease, stroke
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Nutritionists and cardiovascular experts have warned against high sodium (salt) intake due to its ability to increase blood pressure, the danger it poses to cardiovascular health and its ability to predispose people to noncommunicable diseases.
They, however, recommend the consumption of potassium salt substitutes instead of dietary salt (sodium chloride) to reduce such risks.
According to them, sodium and chloride in salt can cause an expansion of the extracellular fluid volume, which over time, causes a rise in blood pressure that results in strokes, heart failure, heart attacks, and kidney disease.
While calling for the replacement of sodium chloride with salty-tasting potassium chloride, experts said decreasing dietary salt intake from the current global levels of 9–12 grams per day to the recommended level of less than 5 grams per day would have a major impact on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease.
The professionals said that salt reduction strategies are best in the prevention of global noncommunicable diseases and can avert over yearly 2.5 million deaths from heart attacks and strokes.
According to the World Health Organisation, potassium salt substitutes are alternatives to regular salt both as an ingredient of pre-packaged foods and as salt added to food and beverages by consumers.
The WHO noted that the use of potassium salt substitutes also known as low-sodium salt substitutes is increasingly being considered as a potential blood pressure-lowering strategy by national health authorities and public health organisations.
“The amount of dietary salt consumed is an important determinant of blood pressure levels and of hypertension and overall cardiovascular risk. Annually, 17.5 million deaths are attributable to cardiovascular disease, which accounts for an estimated 31 per cent of deaths globally.
“It is also estimated that one out of every 10 cardiovascular deaths are attributable to salt intake of more than 5g per day,” the United Nations agency added.
Speaking exclusively with PUNCH Healthwise a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist, Olusola Malomo said dietary salt is essential to the body, but its high intake can also raise blood pressure, which can damage the body in many ways.
He said high blood pressure has been linked to heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and other health-related problems, adding that potassium salt substitute provides a seasoning alternative for manufacturers looking for how to reduce sodium.
He added, “Potassium has many important functions. It allows the nerves to respond to stimulation and muscles to contract, including those in the heart. It reduces the effect of sodium in table salt on blood pressure.
“It helps to move nutrients into cells, and waste products out of cells. Salt substitutes made from potassium chloride alone look like regular salt and have a salty flavour, but have zero sodium.
“However, potassium doesn’t activate the same taste cells as sodium. That’s why people complain that these substitutes often leave a bitter or metallic aftertaste. Salt substitutes contain potassium chloride, either alone or mixed with regular salt.”
Malomo added that potassium salt is less processed than table salt and retains trace minerals, which add flavour and colour, insisting that sea salt is also available as fine grains or crystals and is often promoted as being healthier than table salt.
On its impact on cardiovascular health, a Consultant Cardiologist at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Dr Akinsanya Olusegun-Joseph, said the human body needs a small quantity of salt for optimal health and development but too much of it causes the body to retain water.
“This increase in fluid in the body increases blood pressure, which puts a strain on blood vessels, the heart and kidneys. With this, people with high blood pressure have an increased risk of coming down with heart disease and stroke.
“It’s, therefore, safe to say that everyone should pay attention to and reduce their dietary salt intake. Potassium salt is available in Nigeria and we recommend it to some patients. A lot of people don’t know the quantity of salt they consume daily.
“Too much sodium and the accompanying fluid retention in the body can be very dangerous. But potassium has a way of dilating the vessels and by doing this, the blood pressure will be reduced. The spiral resistance reduces and blood pressure comes down.
“Sodium causes retention of fluid but potassium doesn’t. Potassium will reduce high blood pressure but sodium will increase it. So, potassium salt substitutes have a greater advantage when compared with sodium chloride.”
Buttressing this position, a study published in the National Library of Medicine titled, ‘Potential use of salt substitutes to reduce blood pressure’,’ by Clare Farrand and her team, affirmed that higher intakes of potassium are associated with decreased blood pressure independent of sodium intake.
The study also suggested that increased consumption of potassium can mitigate the negative effects of high sodium consumption on blood pressure, indicating that the sodium‐potassium ratio of the diet is therefore a major determinant of blood pressure.
“Both sodium and chloride in salt lead to an increase in blood pressure and then cause strokes, heart failure, and heart attacks, as well as kidney disease,” the study stated.
The authors recommended a reduction in sodium use in food manufacturing and processing, and to explore the use of potassium‐based sodium replacers.
“Further consideration may need to be given to how best to label salt substitutes (namely potassium) in processed foods to ensure that people who may be adversely impacted are aware,” the study recommended.
Health
NMA: 1, 200 doctors serving estimated nine million Ogun residents
The Nigerian Medical Association (NMA) has commended Governor Dapo Abiodun for approving and commencing the payment of the professional allowance table (PAT) and specialist allowance for medical doctors.
The state Chairman, Luqman Ogunjimi, stated this at a news conference heralding the 2026 Annual General Meeting and Scientific Conference of the association in Abeokuta on Thursday.
Mr Ogunjimi described the approval as a demonstration of Mr Abiodun’s commitment to improving doctors’ welfare and strengthening healthcare delivery in the state.
He said the implementation of the professional allowance table followed the approved federal government structure, while the specialist allowance took effect from July.
According to him, the development will boost the morale of medical practitioners and enhance the delivery of quality healthcare services to residents of the state.
He expressed appreciation to Mr Abiodun for what he described as responsive and worker-friendly leadership in addressing the welfare of medical doctors.
He reaffirmed the association’s commitment to sustaining a cordial working relationship with the government in addressing other welfare issues and advancing healthcare services across the state.
He, however, raised fresh concerns over the shortage of medical doctors in the state.
He said only about 1,200 doctors were currently serving an estimated population of nine million people in the state.
“This goes to show that there is currently a ratio of one doctor to about 7,500 residents in the state. Notwithstanding this shortage, the few doctors that have also decided to stay behind and shun the temptation of emigrating abroad are daily faced with unwarranted attacks.
“If you have an estimated population of about nine million in Ogun State and we have only 1,200 doctors working in the state, you know this is a far cry. The 1,200 doctors remaining have decided to stay back to give back to their country.
“It is important for the government and the public to prioritise the welfare of healthcare workers who remained in the state despite the manpower shortage,” he said.
The NMA chairman estimated that the state required between 5,000 and 10,000 doctors to provide adequate healthcare services.
“If we have between 5,000 and 10,000 doctors in Ogun State, it will not be too bad. But those 1,200 doctors who are still here are trying their best,” Mr Ogunjimi said.
(NAN)
Health
Cholera: Plateau records 14 deaths, 441 suspected cases
Commissioner for Health in Plateau state, Dr. Nicholas Ba’amlong, has disclosed that the state recorded 441 suspected cholera cases and 14 deaths across four local government areas since the outbreak of the disease in June.
Ba’amlong, who gave the update in Jos on Monday also confirmed 20 positive Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) cases and six laboratory-confirmed cases through culture, with infections affecting 25 wards and 107 settlements.
Commissioner said that the state government is intensifying emergency response measures to curb further spread.
Ba’amlong said that only three patients remain on admission in Jos North Local Government Area, describing the development as an indication that the government’s interventions were yielding results.
According to the commissioner, the disease was first isolated in Mangu Local Government Area in early June 2026, which prompted the ministry to activate a coordinated multi-sectoral emergency response in collaboration with local government councils, the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC), and development partners.
Ba’amlong said Mangu, which he described as the epicentre of the outbreak, recorded 53 suspected cases, with 10 testing positive through Rapid Diagnostic Tests and four confirmed by laboratory culture, while 10 deaths were reported across nine wards and 64 settlements.
The commissioner noted that there is currently no active cholera case in Mangu, with the last reported case recorded on July 22, 2026.
He said, “Jos North LGA has recorded 277 suspected cases, seven positive Rapid Diagnostic Tests, one laboratory-confirmed case, and four deaths, affecting 61 settlements in 14 wards.
“In Jos South Local Government Area, the commissioner said only one confirmed case was recorded, adding that the patient had been successfully treated and discharged without any fatality.
“Barkin Ladi Local Government Area recorded its first case on July 16, with 23 suspected cases, two positive Rapid Diagnostic Tests, no laboratory-confirmed case, and no death reported, while two settlements in one ward have been affected.
The commissioner warned that even though transmission has been interrupted in Mangu, infections were still being recorded in Jos North, Jos South and Barkin Ladi, indicating continued transmission in some communities.
Ba’amlong attributed many of the fatalities to late presentation at health facilities, urging residents to seek immediate medical attention whenever symptoms of cholera are noticed.
The commissioner said the government has intensified active case searches, expanded community surveillance, strengthened disease reporting across health facilities and ensured the continuous availability of Oral Rehydration Salts, intravenous fluids, antibiotics and other essential medical supplies.
He assured residents of Jos North that additional Oral Rehydration Points will be established in the area, while free or subsidised treatment is being provided at designated cholera treatment centres.
Ba’amlong said healthcare workers in Mangu, Barkin Ladi and Jos North were being trained with the support of the World Health Organisation (WHO) and UNICEF, while Rapid Diagnostic Test kits had been distributed to all affected local government areas to improve early detection.
The commissioner also assured residents that the state government would sustain its collaboration with the NCDC, WHO, UNICEF and other development partners until the outbreak is fully contained, urging the public to maintain proper hygiene, drink safe water and report suspected cases promptly.
Health
NAFDAC Blacklists Onifam Laboratories, Directors Over Regulatory Infractions
The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) has blacklisted Onifam Laboratories Limited, its Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer, all members of its board of directors, and every affiliated or associated individual and entity found to have participated in regulatory violations, following what it described as extensive investigations into the company’s operations.
The sanction, which takes immediate effect, effectively excludes the company and all affected individuals from participating in any pharmaceutical business regulated by NAFDAC pending further directive from the agency.
In a statement signed on Monday by its Director-General/CEO, Prof. Mojisola Adeyeye, the agency said its investigations established that Onifam Laboratories engaged in regulatory misrepresentation, misuse of NAFDAC approvals and certificates, improper registration and transfer of pharmaceutical products, as well as activities that deliberately circumvented established regulatory procedures.
According to NAFDAC, the alleged infractions compromise product traceability, weaken accountability within the pharmaceutical supply chain and expose the public to significant health risks.
The agency said the company’s actions violate the provisions of the NAFDAC Act, the Food, Drug and Related Products (Registration, etc.) Act, the Drug and Related Products Registration Regulations 2021 and other applicable regulatory guidelines governing pharmaceutical products in Nigeria.
As part of the blacklist, Onifam Laboratories and all affected persons are prohibited from participating, either directly or indirectly, in any pharmaceutical business regulated by NAFDAC.
The prohibition extends to applying for or benefiting from any NAFDAC registration, licence, permit, certificate or approval.
It also bars them from operating as manufacturers, importers, distributors, marketing authorisation holders, agents, representatives, consultants, promoters or sponsors of any product regulated by the agency.
Prof. Mojisola Adeyeye, Director-General/Chief Executive Officer of the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), whose agency announced the immediate blacklisting of Onifam Laboratories Ltd, its Managing Director, directors and affiliated entities over multiple regulatory violations/Credit: NAFDAC
The sweeping sanctions equally apply to affiliated companies and associated entities found to have been involved in the regulatory violations.
NAFDAC stated that the blacklist would remain in force until otherwise directed by its management.
The agency further warned that it reserves the right to initiate additional regulatory, administrative, enforcement and legal actions where necessary to protect public health and preserve the integrity of Nigeria’s medicines regulatory system.
It stressed that the action reflects its determination to ensure strict compliance with pharmaceutical regulations and deter practices capable of undermining the safety and quality of medicines available to Nigerians.
Reaffirming its commitment to safeguarding public health, NAFDAC urged all stakeholders in the pharmaceutical sector to comply fully with applicable laws and regulatory requirements.
The agency maintained that only safe, quality-assured and properly regulated medicines should be manufactured, imported, distributed and sold in Nigeria, warning that any attempt to bypass regulatory procedures would attract decisive sanctions.
The blacklist of Onifam Laboratories marks one of the agency’s strongest recent enforcement actions and underscores its resolve to strengthen regulatory oversight, improve accountability within the pharmaceutical industry and sustain public confidence in Nigeria’s medicines regulatory framework.
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