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Why 5G services in Nigeria may remain elusive for now
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By Sonny Aragba-Akpore
Aparthy by operators occassioned by lack of confidence in the near comatose economy of the country is believed to be one strong reason why licencees for the fifth generation (5G) telecommunications services may not be able to provide robust services for now.
Although, sizeable investments have been ploughed into project 5G ,the insensitivity of government officials to the management of Spectrum, a scarce national asset, may have added to reasons why 5G is far away.
Spectrum is a major determinant for telecommunications and broadcasting services and how it is managed by government determines the success or failure of such services.
When the Ernest Ndukwe led Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) opted for technology neutrality in 2001 ,leading to the Digital Mobile License (DML),auction, it first sought and obtained Spectrum for that purpose.
Ndukwe, a consummate engineer had solicited permission from his board then led by an unforgettable technocrat, Ahmed Joda.
The National Frequency Management Commission granted the NCC request to go ahead and subsequently assigned such Spectrum to the would-be bidders for the DML.
The auction beat book makers predictions when it came out as a very transparent exercise that became a primus inter pares for global DMLs.
But there was a minus for the NCC in that exercise which cost the Mike Adenuga led Communications Investment Limited (CIL) one of the winners of the auction a monumental loss, Harry Nanke, the spokesman for CIL then lamented the Adenuga’s CIL topped all other bidders including MTN, Econet Wireless Nigeria and others.
Adenuga’s CIL ran Into troubled waters because its Spectrum was encumbered.
Motophone Limited, one of the 33 companies that benefited from the GSM bazaar between 1992 and 1999 under the “old school “ NCC when issuing licences to friends ,associates ,cronies and family members was a way of life, but was cancelled by Ernest Ndukwe and his team.
Motophone believed to belong Chagoury and Chagoury went to court to challenge the NCC on the grounds that the Spectrum assigned to it still subsisted and that the regulator had no moral rights to reassign it without showing course.
While this matter lingered, Adenuga’s CIL sought for comfort as the deadline for payment for the hard won license drew near.
It got none from the NCC and so lost not only the license but also the $20million deposit it paid before the auction.
This became an albatross for the NCC even when it played by its own rules.
Two very big legal minds, Aare Afe Babalola(SAN) who represented President Olusegun Obasanjo at the auction while Mr.Paul Usoro (SAN) who stood strong with the NCC couldn’t help the situation. Both men were helpless because they were uncomfortable to swim against the tide.
But the situation couldn’t be remedied as the rules were very clear as to what government wanted to achieve.
If the NCC had bent the rules,the efforts put in to achieve a transparent exercise would have been truncated by partisanship purposes.
Ndukwe and his team held its ground and saved the country from imminent embarrassment.
That was the eminent role Spectrum played then and the rules were supposed to be adhered to until 2021 when in a desperate move to impose 5G on Nigerians and generate revenue for government, a Minister who knew next to nothing about 5G and an embattled Chief regulator went ahead to conduct an auction and assigned Spectrum by special arrangements.
MTN and Mafab Communications, the pioneer 5G licencees and later Airtel Nigeria are yet to justify the acquisition of the scarce national resource, the spectrum.
Spectrum is a radio frequency for telecommunications and broadcasting services and because of its scarcity, it does not come cheap. And operators know so.
This explains why 5G remains elusive despite the efforts of the operators.
Apart from the financial outlays and the crisis of the economy, operators are plagued by a myriad of problems including the spectrum they were assigned.
The higher portion of the spectrum deployment requires more infrastructure investment to provide same coverage as the lower one. In a rough perspective, one can say 2 -3 times amount spent in 2001 is required today to fully put the 5G on equivalent coverage. But the resources are not readily available.
For instance regulators of spectrum around the world know this so well. Operators are wooed in using higher spectrum because of the economic benefit derivable but with government relaxing the revenue or not collecting it at all. This will allow the operators divert the fund to roll out in lieu of revenue to government. Win -win for operators and citizens.
It is not clear whether there are incentives and rules of the thumb for execution of 5G services or the operators are simply waiting for the right time tying investments down without any thought for returns.
“The last 5G auction was revenue focused not economic benefit to Nigeria. The revenue has been collected and the benefit has not been felt by Nigerians for almost three years post-auction period. Nigerians may not see any meaningful 5G deployment in the nearest future” according to a Spectrum analyst who wants to remain anonymous.
“For instance the economics of spectrum dictate that there has to be demand for it before it is assigned to an operator to put into use. It is a national resource and its assignment has to be judiciously done to facilitate national economic growth”.
Its positive impact cuts across other sectors as well.
“Remember the GSM auction of the 2001 that revolutionized telecommunications sector in Nigeria and continuous to impact on how we conduct our lives today. “
MTN Nigeria and Mafab Communications emerged as winners of the 5G auction in December 2021, with Airtel Africa to follow in January 2023.
By implication, MTN and Airtel which already had substantial investment in 2G,3G and 4G and corresponding physical infrastructure on ground, the deployment of 5G would come as a network over-lay and could be seamlessly realized but that didn’t happen.
“Advancement in wireless technologies is synonymous to quest for higher range of the spectrum. Such is the trend for deployment of 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G. Currently, 6G technology is on trial in a number of administrations around the world.
By rule of thumb in spectrum management, putting higher spectrum into use requires more investment and additional infrastructure in the telecommunications operations. What will take a new entrant in our present stage of telecommunications to roll out 5G network can only be best imagined” the anonymous analyst explains.
As another analyst puts it “MAFAB emergence as winner of one of the 5G slots in the auction exercise raised concerns about the possibility of putting the spectrum into use as MAFAB had no existing network to lay on. It is joining the network game when the other players have spent years building generations of technologies “
“For MAFAB, it is equivalent to rolling out a network from the scratch with the expectation to compete with already established networks. This remains a daunting task from which ever perspective it is viewed”.
Another expert thinks that “the result is that a national resource that could have been otherwise put into use for the benefit of all the citizens and national economic growth is now dormant.
A new entrant can never meet up with 5G roll out as it has no infrastructure to lay on and be able to compete. At best MAFAB can only speculate and wait till some operator who may necessarily require it comes forward”.
The initiators and architects of the auction exercise were the ones in the best position to explain reason and timing of the exercise. There was no officially commissioned study which result could have indicated the need for the auction of 5G at that time.
In other words, no identified demand for the auction. Most industry observers believed that the 5G spectrum auction was not aimed at the sector growth but the officials involved were making effort to make revenue for the government of the day for reasons known to them only.
How could a little-known player like MAFAB with no infrastructure on ground be considered for participation in the exercise and even won a slot considering the fact that other competitors have over 20 years of continuous roll out and investment ,another expert queries.
The industry also observed that among the big four, only MTN and Airtel participated in the auction exercise with 9Mobile and Glo staying away, even during the second cycle.
It was generally thought that the operators had little interest in the 5G spectrum as they were occupied with consolidating the 4G Network, competition, high cost of operation, harsh business environment and host of others.
MTN and Airtel acquired the spectrum with great uncertainty of the future but not for immediate benefit. It was not on their priority list of things to do.
Little wonder why the 5G services are not ubiquitous. Reliable statistics showing performance of the 5G are rarely come about.
“But many Nigerians have not seen it in service. When MTN and Airtel are not in a hurry to roll out, the MAFAB lacks the wherewithal to roll out and the 9Mobile and Glo are not interested in the roll out ab-initio, the auction of the 5G spectrum can best be judged as not successful.”
Common rule of thumb in spectrum use considered by operators and investors in telecommunications is that when the spectrum value is doubled, the investment in infrastructure doubles.
It is not clear whether there are incentives and rules of the thumb for execution of 5G services or the operators are simply waiting for the right time tying investments down without any thought for returns.
And as we wait for the services, our sympathies are with the operators because government has collected the license fees and moved on.
News
Reps Launch Nationwide Probe into Illegal Mining, Vow Crackdown on Revenue Leakages
By Gloria Ikibah
The House of Representatives has commenced a comprehensive investigation into illegal mineral exploitation across Nigeria, pledging to tackle the activities of criminal networks draining the country’s vast mineral resources.
The move was the resolution at a high-level stakeholders’ workshop on extractive industry governance organised by the House Ad Hoc Committee on Mineral Exploitation, Security and Anti-Money Laundering on Monday in Abuja.
Declaring the workshop open, Speaker of the House of Representatives, Rt. Hon. Tajudeen Abbas, described the committee’s assignment as one of the most significant responsibilities before the National Assembly.
He lamented that for years, illegal operators had continued to exploit Nigeria’s mineral wealth, depriving the country of much-needed revenue and weakening its economic potential.
Abbas explained that the workshop was designed to gather credible information, evidence and practical recommendations from regulators, security agencies and operators within the extractive industry before the House considers further legislative action.
He urged participants to speak openly and contribute meaningful solutions.
According to him, “Nigeria cannot achieve economic diversification, fiscal stability or job creation if the sector that should be a second revenue pillar is bleeding from illegality and opacity.
“This is not an inquisition; it is a partnership. Withhold nothing, speak plainly and proffer solutions. The success of this intervention depends on the quality of information we receive and the sincerity of purpose we all bring to this room”.
Earlier, Chairman of the House Ad Hoc Committee on Mineral Exploitation, Security and Anti-Money Laundering, Rep. Sanni Abdulraheem, said the committee was also examining whether existing laws and regulatory institutions were strong enough to close loopholes that continue to encourage illegal mining.
He explained that the investigation will also trace the financial networks through which proceeds from illegal mining are concealed and laundered, while assessing whether security arrangements around mining communities are adequate.
Abdulraheem identified illegal mining, weak enforcement and money laundering as the major factors responsible for the disconnect.
“Nigeria is blessed. Few nations on earth carry the range and richness of mineral deposits that lie across our states—gold, lithium, tin, coal, tantalite and many more. On paper, these resources should be transforming livelihoods, funding schools and hospitals, and strengthening our national economy. Yet, for too long, a troubling gap has persisted between the wealth in our ground and the prosperity in our communities.
“That gap has a name: illegal mining, weak enforcement, and the laundering of proceeds that should belong to the Nigerian people. It is a gap filled instead by criminal networks, by revenue leakages we can no longer afford to ignore, and by security threats that have, in some of our communities, turned mineral-rich land into contested and dangerous territory”, hesaid.
The lawmaker noted that the committee had already engaged several government agencies and, where necessary, issued summons to compel cooperation.
He emphasised that the exercise was not intended to create confrontation but to ensure transparency and accountability.
“Oversight without candour achieves nothing, and reform without accurate information is guesswork dressed as policy,” he added.
Abdulraheem maintained that addressing illegal mining required collaboration among regulators, security agencies, financial intelligence institutions, state governments, traditional rulers, licensed operators and civil society organisations.
He also commended security agencies, particularly the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC) and the Mining Marshals, for their efforts in protecting the country’s mineral resources.
According to him, “We must understand your capacity gaps honestly, so that we can recommend the support and reform you genuinely need.”
He further noted that illicit mining proceeds often pass through complex financial channels that require coordinated efforts to track and dismantle.
“Illicit proceeds do not vanish—they move through accounts, shell arrangements and cross-border channels that can be traced with the right tools and the right political will. We look to your expertise to help this Committee and the nation close those channels,” he said.
He therefore assured participants that all submissions, data and recommendations received during the workshop would form part of the committee’s final report to the House.
Also speaking at the event, the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps disclosed that its Mining Marshals had arrested more than 671 suspected illegal miners across the country, with 397 already facing prosecution.
Representing the Commandant-General of the NSCDC, Ahmed Audi, the Commander of the Mining Marshals, Attah Onoja, said the Corps had dismantled several illegal mining sites, leading to improved government revenue and renewed investor confidence in the sector.
He, however, identified inadequate logistics, limited manpower, delays in the judicial process and interference from organised criminal syndicates as major obstacles to effective enforcement.
Onoja called for increased funding, improved surveillance technology and the establishment of specialised courts to handle mining-related offences more efficiently.
The workshop attracted regulators, security agencies, industry operators and other stakeholders, who pledged to support efforts aimed at sanitising Nigeria’s mining sector and ensuring that the country’s mineral resources contribute meaningfully to national development.
News
Tinubu Flags Off Tungan Madaki-Zuba Road(Photos)
… Moves to Deepen Integration of Satellite Towns into Abuja Development plan
President Bola Ahmed Tinubu on Monday, advanced his administration’s drive to integrate satellite communities into the Federal Capital Territory’s development framework with the flag-off of the construction of the access road linking Tungan Madaki to the Abuja-Kaduna Expressway through Zuba.

The President, represented by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, Rt. Hon. Tajudeen Abbas, said the project is part of the Renewed Hope Agenda aimed at ensuring that rural and suburban communities benefit from the same level of infrastructure development as residents of the city centre.
According to him, the road project formed a critical component of a broader strategy to connect communities, stimulate economic activities, improve mobility and unlock investment opportunities across the FCT.
“This project is a direct continuation of the road from the Bill Clinton Drive to Tungan Madaki Community Road which we commissioned a few weeks ago as part of the activities marking the third anniversary of the Renewed Hope Administration.
“What began as one road is now growing into a network, and that is how real development takes root,” Tinubu said.
The President noted that residents of Tungan Madaki, Zuba and neighbouring communities, many of whom are farmers, traders and students, have endured years of poor road access that hindered movement, increased transportation costs and limited economic opportunities.

He explained that the new road would provide a direct link to the Abuja-Kaduna Highway, reduce travel time, lower vehicle maintenance costs and facilitate the movement of goods and services.
“This new road will link Tungan Madaki directly to the Abuja-Kaduna Road, cutting travel time, reducing vehicle maintenance costs, and opening a faster route for people and goods.
“It will connect rural productivity to urban opportunity. When farmlands are opened, food becomes cheaper in our markets. When communities are connected, young people have more reason to build enterprises at home,” he stated.
Tinubu further stressed that infrastructure development remains central to his administration’s economic agenda, describing roads as catalysts for prosperity, security and social inclusion.
“Infrastructure is not just concrete and asphalt. It is the bridge between potential and prosperity, and that is the core of the Renewed Hope Agenda,” he added.
The President said the project would also ease traffic pressure on the Abuja city centre, provide alternative routes for commuters and strengthen the economic corridor between the FCT, Kaduna and the wider North-West region.
He noted that improved infrastructure along the axis would encourage investments in housing, healthcare, education and industrial development.
Commending the Minister of the Federal Capital Territory, Nyesom Wike, for the pace of infrastructure delivery in the capital city, Tinubu said the administration was witnessing a renewed emphasis on project completion and measurable results.
“From major highways to community access roads like this one, we are seeing a return to planning, a rejection of abandoned projects, and a focus on results that citizens can feel,” he said.
The President also directed the contractor to ensure timely completion and quality delivery of the project while engaging local labour to create employment opportunities for youths in the area.
Earlier, FCT Minister, Barr. Nyesom Wike, said the road project was in line with Tinubu’s directive that all satellite towns and area councils should be adequately connected to the city centre through modern road infrastructure.
Wike disclosed that the project emerged after the Chairman of Gwagwalada Area Council drew the administration’s attention to the need for a direct link between Zuba and Abuja to reduce travel stress on residents.
“It has been the directive of Mr. President that all communities and all satellite towns must be linked up to the city. What we are doing today is to fulfil that promise that Mr. President made to Nigerians,” Wike said.
He explained that upon completion, residents of Zuba and adjoining communities would enjoy easier access to Abuja and the Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport without having to travel through Gwagwalada.
The minister described the project as another milestone in the FCT Administration’s efforts to open up rural communities and improve the quality of life of residents.
He expressed optimism that the contractor, China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation, CCECC, would complete the project before the end of the year.
“We are putting pressure on them to ensure that by December, by the grace of God, we will commission this road. For the people of Tungan Madaki and Zuba, this is a Christmas gift,” Wike said.
While delivering a vote of thanks, FCT Minister of State, Dr. Mariya Mahmoud, stated that the construction of the access road from Tungan Madaki to the Abuja–Kaduna Road at Zuba was another bold demonstration of the commitment of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s Renewed Hope Agenda and the FCT Administration’s determination to extend infrastructure and economic opportunities to underserved communities.
Mahmoud also said the road would significantly improve connectivity, stimulate commerce, attract investment, and enhance the quality of life of residents across Tungan Madaki, Zuba, and neighbouring communities.
According to the Minister, the project reflects the Federal Capital Territory Administration’s unwavering resolve to ensure that no community is left behind in the ongoing transformation of the nation’s capital.
She expressed profound appreciation to President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, for providing the visionary leadership that has continued to drive unprecedented infrastructure development across the Federal Capital Territory through the Renewed Hope Agenda.
News
Sad: Gunmen k!ll 300-level varsity student, abduct palace secretary, four others in Edo
Unidentified gunmen suspected to be kidnappers have reportedly killed a 300-level student of the Ambrose Alli University, AAU, Ekpoma and abducted five others in Edo State.
The incident happened separately on Friday, July 10, and Sunday, July 12, 2026 in Idoa and Ekpoma communities, respectively.
In the accident that happened on July 12, 2026, a student whose identity is yet to be ascertained was reportedly abducted on the night of the fateful day when the gunmen invaded his residence. A woman was also allegedly abducted by the assailants on the same day.
The killing of the student and the abduction of the woman was disclosed in Esan Political Assembly facebook page.
In the Idoa kidnapping incident, the gunmen abducted the secretary to the palace of the community alongside three children.
It was gathered that the victims were abducted on Friday morning, July 10,2026.
A source who said the secretary is his brother and the children those of his neighbours, added that the abductors have demanded for N30 million ransom.
He said the abductors threatened to kill the victims if the ransom was not paid before the end of July 13.
According to him, my brother was kidnapped on Friday morning at the Idoa community, in Esan west Local Government Area. He is the secretary of the Idoa palace. They are demanding for N30 million.
“He was kidnapped alongside other small children that were with him. His vehicle broke down on his way to the farm and he left it where it broke down.
“The next day, he came back to the place with tools and other things to repair the motor. As he was there to repair the vehicle, gunmen just came out from the bush, rounded them up and took them into the bush.
“They have made contact demanding for N30m ransom and threatened that if we did not bring the money by the end of today, they will kill them.
“The children are those of his neighbours. The children followed him to where he wanted to repair his vehicle just to give him support, and he was to bring them back home after the repair because they live together,” he said.
While appealing to government and security agencies for intervention for the rescue of the victims, he said the incident has been reported to the Police.
At the time of the report the Public Relations Officer of the Edo State Police Command, ASP Eno Ikoedem, was yet to respond to a message sent to her whatsapp.
Recall that a high-ranking chief of the community, identified as Chief Jimah Jacob Ogboi was on February 26, 2026 reportedly killed and his daughters abducted.
The gunmen were alleged to have struck in the night and instantly shot the deceased while they used machetes and other dangerous weapons on his wife.
The gunmen who were four in number, allegedly invaded the deceased house, shot him and went away with his two daughters.
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