Connect with us

Health

10 Things to Know About Asthma and How to Live Better with the Disease

Published

on

ADVERTISEMENT
Zoom Ad
ADVERTISEMENT
Zoom Ad

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Global Asthma Network, up to 334 million people worldwide may be suffering from asthma. In Africa, the prevalence ranges from 4 to 22%.

Doctor Ali Baddredine, a private pulmonologist based in the Senegalese capital Dakar, has enlightened us on the causes, symptoms, and tips for living better with asthma.

What is Asthma?.

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that manifests with difficult breathing and wheezing.

Advertisement

It causes difficult breathing and a feeling of suffocation caused by inflammation and contraction of the muscles around the airways, making breathing more difficult for the subject.

Asthma is a disease with no cure, but you can manage it.

“In fact, asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lower airways, specifically the bronchial tubes, and it is defined by the presence of respiratory symptoms. These are the clinical signs, namely respiratory discomfort.

“That is why we call it wheezing Disney. It can also manifest itself as a dry cough or a feeling of chest tightness. All these symptoms vary in time and intensity,” Dr. Baddredine tells us.

Advertisement

Asthma is a disease that affects the lungs.

What are the symptoms of asthma?

Asthma affects the lungs: Symptoms can appear in the form of cough, wheezing, shortness of breath after more or less intense exercise, a feeling of tightness in the rib cage (in the chest), wheezing, or difficulty breathing normally.

“The frequency and intensity of asthma symptoms can differ from one person to another and depending on the time of the day. It is generally more common at night or early in the morning,” according to Dr. Ali Baddredine.

Advertisement

What are the contributing or triggering factors?

Several factors can trigger asthma symptoms or make them worse.

Genetic predisposition to allergy combined with external environmental factors often triggers the disease.

Inhaling irritating vapors or smoke can cause respiratory distress or an attack in a person who is asthmatic. Some smoke is particularly harmful, such as tobacco smoke, which contains many irritating substances that can aggravate inflammation of the bronchi and trigger an asthma attack.

Advertisement

Prolonged exposure to allergenic substances such as pollens, dust mites, dust, animal hair, mold, household aerosols, solvents, and certain perfumes can also trigger an asthma attack.

“You know that asthma is still a multifactorial disease where several factors are responsible for these manifestations to intervene.

“It has a genetic, hereditary component even if not all asthma is hereditary. And above all, you have the environmental factors, viral infections, pollution in particular, and allergenic exposures.

“You can also have asthma that has an allergic origin without forgetting the irritating factors, especially in our region with incense, atmospheric pollution with all these exhaust gases, temperature variations, air cooling, humidity levels, sand dust,” Dr. Baddredine points out.

Advertisement

What is the link between climate change and asthma?

People with asthma are among the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change. It acts in different ways on the respiratory health of people at risk.

It influences the health of the respiratory tract since the lungs are in direct contact with the outside world and are the first to be exposed to all types of irritation.

According to specialists, asthma attacks are often triggered by pollutants and allergens such as pollen, exhaust fumes (traffic pollution), air pollution (such as the one caused by forest fires), heatwaves, wildfires, dust storms, floods, and increased humidity.

Advertisement

All these elements lead to hyperreactivity because the asthmatic has branches that are hyperreactive, so these will react to the aggressive factors attacking the bronchial mucosa and the reaction that follows, which is bronchospasm or cough caused by different inflammatory phenomena,” Dr. Baddredine warns.

Who is at risk?

Asthma affects people of all ages but particularly younger people. Although the genetic factor is established, the transmission of asthma from parents to children is not systematic.

Although there is no typical profile of people prone to asthma, some people are more likely to develop asthma than others.

Advertisement

This includes people with a family history of asthma, allergic rhinitis or eczema, those born prematurely, children who have had severe and repeated respiratory infections (pneumonia, rhinovirus infection, respiratory syncytial virus, etc.), people who suffer from obesity, those exposed to second-hand smoke and air pollution for a long time, and those with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

According to Doctor Ali Baddredine, “we cannot strictly speak of people at risk because this is not a disease influenced by certain factors, so we cannot speak of risk.

It is true that when you have infants who have repetitive viral infections, it can promote what we call bronchial hyperreactivity, and it makes them wheezy and then asthmatic. But we cannot speak frankly about a population at risk.

It is not like, for example, high blood pressure, or those are subjects who are malnourished, who have excessive consumption of salt, of products that can lead to high blood pressure.

Advertisement

What is the difference between asthma and sinusitis?

Chronic sinusitis is often associated with asthma, but unlike asthma, which affects the lungs, sinusitis affects the sinuses. It is present in almost all patients with asthma symptoms.

The frequent association of asthma and sinusitis comes from the fact that people who suffer from allergic asthma have a greater risk of suffering from sinusitis due to greater sensitivity of their respiratory mucosa.

The specialist’s opinion: “Sinusitis is, in fact, inflammation of the upper airways, and the sinuses are particular, but it has a correlation. There is a similarity of the nasal-sinus and bronchial mucosa.

Advertisement

Not all asthma is associated with sinusitis, but when you have sinusitis, you have to start managing it because in the long run, as it is the same mucous membrane, the inflammation will go down from the upper airways to the lower airways, bronchial, and therefore turn into asthma.

How to treat asthma?

It is important to know that the best treatment for asthma remains prevention. This involves patient education.

To avoid an asthma attack, patients are advised not to smoke or frequent smoky places, to avoid exposure to factors that can trigger or promote the disease, and to avoid using products that can irritate the respiratory tract (like paints, glues, household products, etc.).

Advertisement

If avoiding triggers is not sufficient to maintain good symptom control, people with asthma are recommended to use inhaled corticosteroids, which can treat persistent inflammation in the airways.

“As we have said, it is a chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchi, which means that we must consider having basic treatment and regular monitoring. First of all, we must start by educating the patient. Patient education is awareness of the disease, how to prevent crises that are episodes that can make the disease more serious.

There is a whole therapeutic arsenal, but you actually have to educate the patient to use them correctly because there are different stages of asthma. In fact, you have asthma that we call latent because it does not manifest itself all the time, that is mild, intermittent during a stable period, with no symptoms.

On the other hand, you have some subjects who must be monitored with regular follow-up with the pulmonologist, a functional exploration that has made it possible to quantify asthma and adapt the basic treatment and classify it,” Dr. Ali Baddredine says.

Advertisement

Asthma symptoms can be controlled with inhaled medications.

Can asthmatic patients play sports?

Physical activity goes well and is even recommended when asthma is well controlled.

It is possible to reconcile illness and regular sporting activity. Sports allow the acquisition of good muscle mass and improve stress management in people with asthma.

Advertisement

“Sport is one of the cornerstones of treatment. You have athletes and great champions who are asthmatic; the whole point is to manage your asthma well, in fact, and there are treatments that prevent asthma and even asthma products that are not classified as doping products,” Dr. Baddredine notes.

Swimming and aquagym, cycling, walking at a good pace are beneficial for asthmatics.

Running, especially endurance running in cold weather, can cause asthma attacks. To prevent it, the asthmatic must take a bronchodilator 10 to 15 minutes before the race and do a careful warm-up.

Physical activities must be personalized and adapted according to the patient’s age and respiratory performance. People with asthma symptoms should consult a healthcare professional before engaging in sporting activity.

Advertisement

Does asthma kill?
Poorly controlled asthma can cause permanent symptoms.

“Oh yes, as much as asthma can be gentle, an attack can take the patient away. You have what we call severe acute asthma. This is a spontaneous serious crisis that can land the patient in intensive care.

There are some people who have interrupted their treatment without medical advice and who have a particular psychological context because there is a psychogenic component of severe asthma attacks, and it is like that especially for adolescents, young girls.

Despite all the therapeutic arsenal we have, we must also not forget that sometimes there are some diagnostic errors, which can be an overdiagnosis of asthma. We can have subjects who have died of what we call an asthma equivalent, especially elderly subjects; they have what we call pseudo-cardiac asthma.

Advertisement

So sometimes we say they died of asthma when they died of another disease that resembles asthma, especially in the elderly,” Dr. Ali Baddredine warns.

Asthma can be a serious illness, but it can also be managed with appropriate treatment.

Poorly controlled asthma can cause irreversible symptoms and lead to an attack or respiratory distress, and that can be fatal.

During an attack, the opening of the bronchi is reduced due to a significant inflammatory reaction and contraction of the muscles in the wall of the bronchi. Normal breathing becomes almost impossible for the patient.

Advertisement

Although attacks can be effectively calmed by medication, they are potentially dangerous, especially in vulnerable people (young children, elderly people, those suffering from a respiratory infection, etc.).

Inflammation of the respiratory tract produces thick mucus inside the bronchi, and this hinders air circulation.

Living with asthma is a difficult challenge, but it is not impossible to meet as long as you follow a few daily rules.

By adopting a healthy lifestyle, avoiding triggers, and following appropriate treatment, it is possible to control the disease and lead a full and active life, virtually symptom-free.

Advertisement

Health

More Hantavirus cases may emerge in coming weeks — WHO

Published

on

By

ADVERTISEMENT
Zoom Ad
ADVERTISEMENT
Zoom Ad

World Health Organisation (WHO) Director-General Tedros Ghebreyesus says additional cases of Hantavirus may emerge in coming weeks, following the evacuation of passengers from the outbreak-hit cruise ship MV Hondius.

Tedros said at a joint news conference on Tuesday with Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez held at the Moncloa Palace in Madrid that “global public health risk remains low.

“Given the long incubation period of the virus, it is possible that we may see more cases in the coming weeks.’’

According to Tedros, 11 Hantavirus-related cases have so far been reported, including three deaths, while nine of the 11 cases have been confirmed as Andes virus infections, as the remaining two are considered probable cases.

Advertisement

“Our assessment continues to be that the global public health risk remains low,” he said, adding that there is currently “no sign” of a larger outbreak.

Tedros said the WHO recommends that all evacuated passengers undergo active health monitoring for 42 days from their last exposure date, either in designated quarantine facilities or at home, with the monitoring period lasting until June 21.

“Anyone who becomes symptomatic should be isolated and treated immediately,” he added.

Tedros also thanked the Spanish government for agreeing to receive the ship and lead the evacuation effort, praising Spain for fulfilling “its legal duties under international law” while also demonstrating “solidarity, compassion and kindness” throughout the operation.

Advertisement

The Spanish government agreed on May 5 to receive the MV Hondius after a hantavirus outbreak was reported aboard the vessel.

This came following requests from the World Health Organization (WHO), the European Union and more than 20 governments seeking assistance in evacuating and repatriating those on board.

The vessel arrived off the Spanish island of Tenerife on May 10 and docked at the Port of Granadilla a day later.

During the two-day operation, passengers and some crew members disembarked from the vessel and were transferred under strict protective and sanitary measures before being flown out of Spain.

Advertisement

Sanchez described the evacuation operation as a “success”, saying Spain had coordinated 10 special flights to evacuate more than 120 people of different nationalities who had disembarked from the vessel between May 10 and May 11.

He added that the operation had been conducted under four guiding principles: scientific rigour, absolute transparency of information, institutional coordination, and international cooperation.

Spanish health authorities said all evacuated people from the MV Hondius had left Tenerife by May 11, while the vessel departed for Rotterdam with 28 crew members remaining on board.

The European Commission said it is coordinating closely with Spain, EU member states and other countries participating in the EU Civil Protection Mechanism.

Advertisement

The EU said it’s also working with the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), the WHO and other partners to coordinate passenger disembarkation, return transfers and follow-up health monitoring.

(Xinhua/NAN)

Continue Reading

Health

OF ZAMFARA, GOVERNANCE, AND THE 2027 GENERAL ELECTIONS

Published

on

ADVERTISEMENT
Zoom Ad
ADVERTISEMENT
Zoom Ad

BY BOLAJI AFOLABI

For multiple decades, if not centuries, football has been a very popular sport across the world. In Nigeria, given its uniqueness, football has been played and followed passionately from generation to generation. In the 1980s, there were not many football clubs in the Northern axis of the country that participated in the National League, now called the Nigeria Professional Football League, (NPFL). One of such was the Zamfara Tex FC – founded and sponsored by the Zamfara Textiles Limited. Others were the Raccah Rovers, Kano; DIC (now Ranchers) Bees, Kaduna; Jigawa Golden Stars; Mighty Jets of Jos; and United Nigeria Textiles Limited of Kaduna. Though Kaduna had two clubs, Zamfara Tex was special to the writer and his company of friends that they always watched the team’s matches against the Bees and UNTL at the Ahmadu Bello Stadium in Kaduna, as regularly possible.

The realization that the club was domiciled in Gusau – a town outside Sokoto – the capital of the (old) State further endeared it to the writer’s group. From social studies books, we later discovered that Gusau was the economic and industrial hub of the old Sokoto State. Aside from the Textile outlet, there were a few others including candy and confectionaries manufacturing companies. Also, being a railway-town, it was home to people of different tribes and ethnicities. Gusau, was in many ways, a melting pot of convergence of itinerary traders, farmers, and many other people who engage in their various legitimate businesses without fear and worries. The writer, at barely 15 years had a first-hand experience of the convivial, peaceful, and warm nature of the town. Commuting from Kaduna to Sokoto, the commercial vehicle had some issues a few kilometers to Gusau; which led to all the passengers sleeping over in the town. It was pleasant. It brings nostalgic memories all the time.

For many years thereafter, the writer’s affinity with Gusau and Zamfara (the capital and State) has grown in leaps and bounds. As fate will have it, one has built friendship and relationships with a few people who are indigenes or settlers. The average Zamfararian, either in Gusau, Talata Mafara, Kaura Namoda, Maradun, Shinkafi, Bukkuyum, Birnin Magaji, Bakura, or any other community is loving, accommodating, hard working, and compassionate. Aware of these and other attributes of the people, one is always worried about negative reports from the state. Somehow, the writer’s attraction and attachment to the state abhors any unpleasant comments about Zamfara. Like what happened a few weeks ago!

Advertisement

Indeed, public venues such as viewing centres, open-hall restaurants, and some other busy sit-outs are veritable locations to get gists about happenings in the capital city, and by extension the country. The writer was at a popular car-wash point in Gwarimpa which had a few other outlets where patrons can “keep their mouths and hands busy” with hot, spicy assorted meats, drinks, and all. Shortly after taking refuge on a bench within the “sitting area” three middle-aged men were engaged in a discussion; defection of the Zamfara State Governor, Dr. Dauda Lawal to the All Progressives Congress, APC. From their respective comments, it was obvious that, as indigenes, they were not happy about the development – which Lawal said was for the overall interest of the state. Thereafter, they began sectoral review of his administration. Somehow, the writer had to “step in and revolt” when they moved to achievements-deconstruction of Lawal labelling him a non-performer, absentee chief executive who is far from the people and realities in the grassroots.

Disagreeing, the writer had to mention some of the achievements of Lawal – read from the media. It includes intra-city infrastructures; construction of the airport; building and rehabilitation of schools; upgrading health institutions; increase of Internal General Revenue. Others are prompt paying of workers salaries; creation of community security guards; payments of the backlog of debts owed WAEC; youth employment. After listening to what one of them described as ‘a brave defence” they took turns to espouse more on their views, reiterating that, given his background more was expected from Lawal. One of my “panelists” got me confused by throwing some posers. How did Lawal arrive at the choice of these projects? Are they what the people desire? Was any Needs Assessment done? What are the impacts of these projects on the people in the hinterland? What are the real and immediate needs of the people?

Challenged by these posers, one had to dig further to unravel the facts about governance in the state, nexus between the leadership and the people in relation to the 2027 General Elections. There were divergent opinions on the performances of the present administration. Though it was a pot-pourri of kudos and knocks, thumbs-up and thumbs-down, the preponderance of vilification was more. While Lawal’s records in a few sectors were acknowledged, many people had reservations about the importance of these projects to the well-being of the average person. A school of thought argued that people should be the fulcrum of every government policy and programme – which they claim is not the case in Zamfara. Another school of thought believes that having failed to provide responsive security measures; which was the centre-point of his campaigns – it will not be out of place to score Lawal low in terms of deliveries.

Alhaji Sani Abdallah, a fabric seller at the capital city market declared, “The Governor has done well in the beautification of Gusau by providing street lights, traffic lights, and construction of a new stadium but there are little or none of these in other parts of the state.” An educationist, Mr. Ezidoye Ugwu believes that, “Lawal’s score card would have been higher if some of the laudable projects in Gusau are replicated in a few of the other towns across the state.” For Alhaji Suleiman, a media practitioner, “though there are pockets of positives but on the average, Lawal has not met the expectations of many people; he has failed in protecting the lives and properties of the people.”

Advertisement

A grassroot politician who preferred anonymity postulated that, “since he has not realized his core campaign promise – security – many people are not impressed with whatever he is doing in other sectors. Zamfara is largely agrarian, the least expected of him is to provide security for people to go to their farmlands but this has not been possible for years. It will be very difficult for Lawal to get the support and votes of many people in 2027.” A staff member of a federal government agency in the state who craved anonymity advised Lawal, “not to believe in the skewed reports and comments of his aides and hangers-on but go to the grassroots and hinterland where the vast majority of people are not impressed with him. In fact, the possibility of getting the votes of these rural dwellers is extremely low.”

True, politics is local. If these comments can be extrapolated as a precursor to what may play out in next year’s general elections, Lawal’s journey back to the state’s government house will be topsy-turvy and turbulent. When added to the alleged non-interest of the members of the Yari and Matawalle Groups, and a few other factors, he is most likely to encounter many political landmines, booby traps, and uncertainties. Driving the point home, a grassroot female politician admitted that, “many of the Leaders in APC and their followers do not support Lawal whose entry has scuttled the ambitions of their own members. It will take serious work, begging, and cajoling for his second-term aspiration not to hit bad weather. For now, the PDP looks like the newest bride, as the party is gradually gaining groundswell support across the state.”

Politicians believe that 24 hours is a long time in politics. Rightly so. An African proverb says the eyes knows the portion of food that will fill the stomach. Also, that the morning determines how well the night will end. If anything, the forthcoming governorship elections in Zamfara promises to be thrilling and interesting. It will be filled with theatrics, drama, and surprises. No doubt, Lawal has his works cut-out. How he navigates out of the avalanche of roadblocks within the APC; meander through the grassroots whose political consciousness and awareness has increased overtime; as well as the rebounded and rebranded Zamfara PDP will become public knowledge by February 2027.

* BOLAJI AFOLABI, a Development Communications specialist was with the Office of Public Affairs, The Presidency, Abuja.

Advertisement
Continue Reading

Health

Hantavirus risk low, Nigeria monitoring situation closely — NCDC DG boss

Published

on

By

ADVERTISEMENT
Zoom Ad
ADVERTISEMENT
Zoom Ad

The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has assured Nigerians that there was no confirmed case of Hantavirus in the country despite reports of an ongoing cluster linked to cruise ship travel involving multiple countries.

In a public health advisory on Friday, the Director-General Jide Idris, said the agency was aware of recent reports of an ongoing Hantavirus cluster linked to a cruise ship travel involving multiple countries.

He explained that the development involved a limited number of confirmed and suspected cases associated with the cruise ship, with investigations and contact tracing ongoing, adding that current reports indicate that the risk to the general public remains low.

The NCDC boss described Hantaviruses as a group of viruses primarily carried by rodents, noting that humans could become infected through contact with infected rodents or exposure to their urine, droppings, saliva or contaminated dust particles.

Advertisement

According to him, symptoms of the disease include fever, fatigue, body aches, headache and gastrointestinal symptoms, while severe cases could result in breathing difficulties and respiratory complications.

Idris stated that the current cluster had been linked to the Andes virus strain, “for which limited human-to-human transmission has previously been documented, particularly through close contact.”

Speaking of the implication for Nigeria, he said, “At this time, there is no evidence of Hantavirus cases in Nigeria. NCDC is closely monitoring the situation and maintaining surveillance for emerging infectious diseases.”

He advised Nigerians to remain vigilant and sustain preventive measures aimed at reducing exposure to rodents and maintaining proper hygiene.

Advertisement

“The preventive measures are similar to those recommended for other zoonotic diseases we have managed in the country and include maintaining clean environments and preventing rodent infestation, storing food properly and disposing of waste safely, avoiding contact with rodents and their droppings, and using appropriate protective measures when cleaning rodent-infested areas,” Idris said.

He also urged citizens to practice regular hand hygiene and maintain optimal infection prevention and control practices in communities and healthcare facilities.

The NCDC boss added that the agency would continue to monitor global developments closely, noting that most epidemic-prone and emerging infectious diseases were zoonotic and often transmitted by animals such as bats and rodents.

He further advised Nigerians to rely only on verified information from official public health authorities and avoid spreading unverified reports or misinformation.

Advertisement
Continue Reading

Trending

Copyright © 2024 Naija Blitz News