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Human rights lawyer, Femi Falana, SAN, has warned that the creation of state police will not resolve insecurity in Nigeria unless the government addresses poverty and unemployment.

Falana, who appeared on Channels Television’s Politics Today on Thursday, said the country’s insecurity challenge was often narrowly reduced to questions of security architecture, without adequate attention to social security and the conditions driving young people into crime.

“We always reduce the problem of insecurity to security architecture, in fact structure. How do we have more police stations? How do we employ more policemen and women without considering social security?” Falana queried.

“Why are more young men taking to criminality? Why are we not talking about creating employment for young people? Why are we not giving assistance to Nigerians that are vulnerable, extremely poor or dimensionally poor? And unless you address these problems holistically, creating a state police or local government police will not address the crisis of insecurity in the country.”

His comments came after President Bola Tinubu on Tuesday transmitted to the Senate a bill seeking to amend the 1999 Constitution to provide for the establishment of state police services across the federation.

The Senate passed the bill on Wednesday after Senate Leader Opeyemi Bamidele presented its general principles. The bill subsequently scaled second reading, was considered clause-by-clause and passed third reading, with more than two-thirds of senators voting in support.

When assented to by the President, the legislation will replace the existing Nigeria Police Force framework with a dual structure comprising a Federal Police Service and State Police Services.

A key provision of the bill empowers state governors to appoint commissioners of police for their respective states, subject to confirmation by the state Houses of Assembly.

Lawmakers also incorporated safeguards aimed at protecting political freedoms and civil liberties, in response to concerns about possible abuse of the proposed policing structure.

Falana said regional police was not new to Nigeria, noting that the country operated a decentralised policing system during the First Republic.

However, he said the system was abolished due to what he described as the gross abuse of police powers by regional leaders.

He said Nigeria must address the issues that led to the abolition of the dual policing system if it intends to return to it.

“If we now want to go back to the status quo ante bellum, we must ask questions. The fears that were entertained, the problem that led to the abolition of the dual policing system, have they been taken care of? I haven’t seen any signs. I have seen the bill passed by both chambers of the National Assembly, the bill is so sketchy,” he said.

Falana also raised concerns about checks and balances in the operation of state police, as well as the ability of some state governments to fund the proposed police services.

He said some state governments could barely pay salaries and pensions.

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By Gloria Ikibah

The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has expressed strong reservations about a proposed bill seeking to establish a National Institute for Public Health and Infectious Diseases, warning that the move could create institutional overlap and undermine the country’s disease control system.

The agency’s concerns were presented during a public hearing on the National Institute for Public Health and Infectious Diseases (Establishment) Bill, 2025 (HB 2629), organised by the House of Representatives Committee on Infectious Diseases at the National Assembly in Abuja on Thursday.

In its submission to lawmakers, the Director-General of NCDC, Dr. Jide Idris acknowledged the need to continually strengthen Nigeria’s health security architecture, including disease surveillance, epidemic preparedness and outbreak response. However, it maintained that the proposed institute will replicate responsibilities already assigned to the agency under existing legislation.

According to him, establishing another body with similar mandates risks creating administrative conflicts, duplicating public resources and blurring lines of authority during public health emergencies.

The NCDC boss argued that Nigeria already has a statutory institution responsible for coordinating infectious disease surveillance, prevention and emergency response, and that efforts should focus on strengthening existing structures rather than creating parallel agencies with potentially competing functions.

The development comes as lawmakers consider measures aimed at reinforcing the country’s capacity to prevent, detect and respond to emerging health threats. Supporters of the bill believe a dedicated public health institute could enhance research, coordination and preparedness for future disease outbreaks.

However, Idris insists that any reform intended to improve Nigeria’s public health system must avoid weakening existing institutions or creating uncertainty over leadership and accountability during health crises.

He urged lawmakers to carefully review the provisions of the bill to ensure that any new framework complements, rather than duplicates, the functions currently performed by the nation’s foremost disease control authority.

“The core responsibilities proposed for the new institute are substantially the same as those currently assigned to the NCDC,” Idris said, warning that the Bill raises serious concerns over duplication of mandates, institutional overlap, governance conflicts and fiscal sustainability.

He argued that public health emergencies require a single, clearly recognised national authority, stressing that creating another federal institution with overlapping responsibilities would generate uncertainty over leadership, accountability and operational command during disease outbreaks.

The NCDC further noted that the Bill designates the proposed institute as Nigeria’s National Focal Point for the International Health Regulations (IHR) and empowers it to coordinate national responses to infectious disease outbreaks functions that are already assigned to the NCDC under the NCDC Act and recognised by the World Health Organization (WHO).

According to the agency, such overlapping mandates could create confusion among state governments, development partners and international organisations that currently work through the NCDC as Nigeria’s official public health authority.

Drawing lessons from Nigeria’s successful response to Ebola, COVID-19, Lassa fever, cholera, meningitis, diphtheria, Mpox and other disease outbreaks, Idris maintained that the country’s public health system has evolved around a unified command structure, warning that introducing parallel institutions could fragment emergency response efforts when coordination is most critical.

The Director-General also questioned the financial implications of establishing a new federal institution with headquarters, zonal offices, state structures, governing councils and extensive staffing requirements at a time of competing national priorities.

He expressed concern over proposals to allocate part of the Basic Health Care Provision Fund to the proposed institute, warning that such a move would further stretch an already limited funding mechanism and reduce resources available for existing health priorities.

Idris noted that the Federal Government has invested significantly over the years in building the NCDC’s laboratory network, surveillance systems, emergency operations centres, genomic sequencing capacity, workforce development programmes and outbreak response infrastructure.

According to him, creating another institution with similar responsibilities would duplicate existing investments and undermine the Federal Government’s ongoing policy of streamlining public institutions.

He added that international best practice supports the existence of a single national public health institute responsible for disease surveillance, preparedness and emergency response, noting that Nigeria adopted the same model through the establishment of the NCDC.

The agency therefore urged the National Assembly to strengthen existing public health structures instead of creating parallel institutions.

While reiterating its support for upgrading the National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Training Centre, Saye, Zaria, into a tertiary institution dedicated to teaching, clinical services and research, the NCDC urged lawmakers to review provisions of the Bill that establish what it described as a parallel public health command structure.

The Director-General disclosed that the agency had submitted a detailed clause-by-clause analysis identifying areas of conflict between the proposed legislation and the NCDC Act, 2018, noting that several provisions of the Bill appeared to have been reproduced almost verbatim from the existing law.

He concluded that the issue before lawmakers was not whether Nigeria should strengthen its public health capacity, but whether that objective would be better achieved by strengthening the National Public Health Institute already established by law or by creating another institution with substantially overlapping responsibilities.

Earlier, Speaker of the House of Representatives, Rt. Hon. Tajudeen Abbas, described the proposed institute as a strategic investment in Nigeria’s health security and preparedness against future disease outbreaks.

Represented by Hon. Bashir Zubair, the Speaker said Nigeria’s experiences with Ebola, COVID-19, Lassa fever and other infectious disease outbreaks exposed significant vulnerabilities within the country’s health system and demonstrated the urgent need for stronger institutions capable of anticipating, preventing and responding effectively to emerging public health threats.

He stressed that a country of Nigeria’s population and strategic importance could no longer afford a reactive approach to disease outbreaks but must invest in scientific innovation, research, surveillance and sustainable preparedness.

According to Abbas, the proposed institute would provide a comprehensive framework for integrating disease prevention, surveillance, diagnosis, research, control and management within a coordinated national system while empowering Nigerian scientists to develop home-grown solutions to infectious diseases.

He maintained that the objective of the legislation was not simply to establish another government institution but to build a functional, agile and world-class institute capable of delivering measurable health outcomes for Nigerians and contributing to global public health.

In his opening remarks, Chairman of the House Committee on Infectious Diseases, Rep. Amobi Godwin Ogah, represented by Hon. Mark Esset, said the public hearing was organised to gather views and recommendations from stakeholders on two key pieces of legislation currently before the Committee — the National Institute for Public Health and Infectious Diseases (Establishment) Bill and the Tuberculosis Anti-Discrimination Bill.

Ogah explained that the proposal to establish a national public health institute was informed by findings from an oversight visit by members of the Committee to the National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Training Centre in Saye, Zaria, in October 2025. During the visit, lawmakers observed what he described as vast but underutilised human and infrastructural resources within the facility.

According to him, the discovery prompted the Committee to recommend the transformation of the centre into a national public health institute. It also influenced the decision to expand the Committee’s scope of responsibilities, leading to its renaming from the House Committee on HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria Control to the House Committee on Infectious Diseases.

The lawmaker disclosed that the Presidency had already granted approval for the upgrade of the Zaria-based training centre into a public health institute, expressing confidence that the proposed legislation would enhance Nigeria’s ability to prevent, detect, diagnose, treat and manage infectious diseases more effectively.

Speaking on the Tuberculosis Anti-Discrimination Bill, Ogah said the proposed law is designed to safeguard the rights and dignity of people living with or affected by tuberculosis. He noted that the legislation seeks to tackle stigma and discrimination, while promoting early testing, prompt diagnosis and access to treatment as part of broader efforts to reduce the burden of the disease across the country.

The hearing also featured submissions from representatives of the Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, development partners, civil society groups, professional associations and public health institutions, as lawmakers continue deliberations on the two proposed laws.

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Minister of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Barr. Nyesom Wike, on Thursday took a swipe at former Senate President David Mark over what he described as his poor infrastructure record while in office, arguing that the achievements of President Bola Tinubu’s administration in road infrastructure within three years had surpassed what was accomplished during Mark’s tenure in leadership positions.

Wike spoke at the commissioning of the Interchange at Arterial Road N16–Ring Road II Junction linking Jahi and Gwarimpa districts in Abuja, where President Bola Ahmed Tinubu was represented by Senate President Godswill Akpabio.

The minister’s remarks came in response to recent criticisms from the African Democratic Congress (ADC), which he said had nonetheless acknowledged the administration’s achievements in road infrastructure.

“ADC has conceded that in terms of road infrastructure, Mr. President has done very, very well,” Wike said. “Without roads, you cannot go to hospital, you cannot go to school, and you cannot go to farm. Roads are the bedrock of development in any society.”

Turning his attention to David Mark, whom he identified as chairman of a faction of a ADC, Wike questioned the former Senate President’s record on infrastructure delivery during his eight years in office.

According to him, the Akwanga-Makurdi road remained in deplorable condition despite being awarded during Mark’s tenure as Senate President under a ruling party’s government.

“The poor people could not afford to travel to Makurdi because there was no road. But David Mark, as Senate President then was flying helicopters,” Wike said.

“Today, because of the intervention of this administration, people can drive freely to Makurdi and Otukpo. The same David Mark, who once relied on helicopters can now travel by road too.”

The minister argued that the Tinubu administration had demonstrated what could be achieved through political will and commitment to continuity in governance.

He noted that the Jahi-Gwarimpa interchange project, commissioned on Thursday, was awarded before the current administration took office but had received no mobilisation or significant progress until the present government intervened.

“One of the problems of development in Nigeria is that new administrations often abandon projects initiated by their predecessors.

“But President Tinubu has shown that government is a continuum. What matters is completing projects for the benefit of the people, regardless of who awarded them,” he said.

Wike disclosed that residents of the area had long doubted the project would ever be completed, describing its delivery as a significant milestone in the ongoing transformation of the Federal Capital Territory.

He also rejected claims that the administration’s development efforts were limited to road construction, citing investments in water infrastructure across satellite towns.

The minister recalled the recent commissioning of water projects in Karu and announced that a similar project in Bwari would be inaugurated on July 14.

“It is not correct to say we are only doing roads,” he said.

“In Karu, we commissioned water supply infrastructure, and by July 14 we will commission another major water project in Bwari. These are projects designed to improve the lives of ordinary people.”

Wike challenged critics to point to comparable investments in satellite towns during previous administrations, insisting that the Renewed Hope Agenda was delivering tangible benefits across the FCT.