Economy
Nigeria’s international trade hit N36.6tn in Q4 2024 – NBS
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Nigeria’s total merchandise trade recorded significant growth in the fourth quarter of 2024, driven by a sharp rise in imports and steady export performance.
According to the latest Foreign Trade in Goods Statistics report released by the National Bureau of Statistics on Saturday, total trade for the period stood at N36.6tn, representing a 68.3 per cent increase from the corresponding quarter in 2023 and a 2.2 per cent rise from the third quarter of 2024.
Despite maintaining a trade surplus, the country’s trade balance declined significantly.
The surplus for the quarter stood at N3.42tn, reflecting a 34.9 per cent drop from the previous quarter.
The decline was largely attributed to the continued increase in imports and a marginal drop in export earnings.
The NBS report stated, “Nigeria’s total merchandise trade stood at N36,604.83bn in Q4 2024. This represents an increase of 68.32 per cent compared to the value (N21,747.40bn) recorded in the corresponding period of 2023 and a rise of 2.20 per cent over the value recorded in the preceding quarter (N35,818.35bn).”
Total exports in Q4 2024 were valued at N20.01tn, marking a 57.7 per cent increase compared to the same period in 2023.
However, exports declined by 2.55 per cent from the N20.54tn recorded in the previous quarter
Crude oil continued to dominate Nigeria’s exports, accounting for 68.87 per cent of total exports with a value of N13.78tn.
This represented a 33.7 per cent increase from Q4 2023 and a 2.8 per cent rise from Q3 2024. Other key exports included liquefied natural gas, petroleum gases, superior quality cocoa beans, and urea, which contributed significantly to Nigeria’s non-oil export revenue.
The Netherlands emerged as Nigeria’s largest export destination, receiving N2.09tn worth of goods, representing 10.44 per cent of total exports.
France followed with N1.91tn, while Spain recorded N1.74tn. India and Indonesia were also among the top five export partners, with N1.60tn and N1.41tn in trade, respectively.
These five countries collectively accounted for 43.7 per cent of Nigeria’s total exports during the period.
Total imports in Q4 2024 rose sharply to N16.59tn, reflecting an 83.2 per cent increase from the N9.05tn recorded in Q4 2023. Compared to the previous quarter, imports increased by 8.57 per cent from N15.28tn.
However, mineral product imports declined, falling from N5.84tn in Q3 2024 to N4.92tn in Q4 2024, indicating a reduced reliance on imported mineral fuels.
Agricultural imports reached N1.09tn in Q4 2024, representing a 53.4 per cent rise from the same period in 2023.
Raw material imports surged to N2.11tn, marking a 118.2 per cent year-on-year increase. Manufactured goods imports recorded the highest growth, reaching N8.47tn, an increase of 113.3 per cent from Q4 2023.
China remained Nigeria’s top import source, accounting for N4.61tn or 27.8 per cent of total imports. India followed with N1.90tn, while Belgium, the United States, and France contributed N1.39tn, N1.06tn, and N601.28bn, respectively.
The agricultural sector recorded strong growth in Q4 2024, with total agricultural exports valued at N1.54tn, reflecting a 232 per cent increase from the same period in 2023.
Superior quality cocoa beans were the most exported agricultural product, accounting for N836.2bn.
Standard quality cocoa beans followed at N269.3bn, while sesamum seeds were valued at N202.9bn.
Other notable agricultural exports included natural cocoa butter at N104.6bn and shelled cashew nuts at N30.8bn.
Europe remained the dominant market for Nigeria’s agricultural exports, accounting for N986.7bn, while Asia received N474.4bn worth of agricultural products.
The Netherlands and Malaysia were the top buyers of Nigerian cocoa beans, while China and Japan imported significant quantities of sesamum seeds.
Total exports in the solid minerals sector were valued at N60.7bn, reflecting a 69.2 per cent increase year-on-year but a 21.9 per cent decline from Q3 2024.
Cement clinkers and tin ores were the dominant solid mineral exports, with major trading partners including Cameroon and China.
Imports of solid minerals, mainly plasters from Egypt and Tunisia, were valued at N111.8bn during the quarter.
Manufactured goods exports stood at N494.2bn, marking a 110.3 per cent increase year-on-year but a 52.5 per cent decline from Q3 2024.
The top manufactured goods exports included unwrought aluminum alloys, dredgers, and cathodes. Most of Nigeria’s manufactured goods exports were shipped to Africa, followed by Asia and Europe.
Meanwhile, manufactured goods imports surged to N8.47tn, with aircraft parts from France and photovoltaic cells from China among the most imported items.
Trade with African countries remained robust, with total exports valued at N2.04tn, while imports from the continent stood at N514.96bn, representing just 3.1 per cent of total imports. South Africa, Ivory Coast, and Senegal emerged as Nigeria’s top trading partners within Africa.
Within ECOWAS, Nigeria exported goods worth N1.18tn, while imports from the region were valued at N77.1bn. Ivory Coast ranked as Nigeria’s largest ECOWAS export destination, followed by Senegal, Togo, Ghana, and Benin Republic.
The most exported products to ECOWAS included petroleum oils, electrical energy, and cigarettes, while crude palm oil and petroleum bitumen were the most imported products from the region.
The report indicated that 98.8 per cent of Nigeria’s exports in Q4 2024 were transported by sea, with Apapa Port handling 89.6 per cent of total outbound shipments.
Air and road transport accounted for minimal shares of total exports. On the import side, maritime transport remained dominant, accounting for 90.2 per cent of inbound shipments. Apapa Port continued to serve as Nigeria’s major entry point for imports.
Economy
See Dollar to Naira exchange rate today, September 9, 2026
The Naira yesterday appreciated to N1,387 per dollar from N1,390 in the parallel market on Monday.
Similarly, the naira appreciated to N1,322.9 per dollar in the Nigerian Foreign Exchange Market, NFEM.
Data from the Central Bank of Nigeria, CBN, showed that the indicative exchange rate for the naira fell to N1,322.9 per dollar from N1,320 per dollar on Monday, indicating N2.9 appreciation for the local currency.
Consequently, the margin between the parallel and official markets narrowed to N64.1 per dollar from N70 per dollar on Monday. The value of interbank turnover in NFEM declined by 48.07 percent to $55.6 million from $107.07 million on Monday.
Economy
CBN tightens watch on banks over terrorism financing
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has announced that it will be paying closer attention to how banks and other financial institutions in the country are being used, or misused, to move money that could fund terrorism.
In a statement signed by Hakama Sidi-Ali, Acting Director of the apex bank’s Corporate Communications and Investor Relations Department on Tuesday, the CBN said it has made terrorism financing supervision one of its current priorities. According to the statement, this is part of the bank’s “ongoing commitment to protecting the Nigerian financial system from abuse by illicit actors.”
What this means in plain terms is that the CBN will be looking more closely at how banks identify and manage the risk of their platforms being used to fund terrorism, how well they monitor suspicious transactions linked to terrorism financing, how they carry out sanctions ordered against specific individuals or groups, and how promptly they report suspicious activity connected to terrorism financing.
The statement explained that this new push covers four broad areas: how financial institutions manage terrorism financing risk, how they monitor transactions for signs of terrorism financing, how they carry out targeted financial sanctions, and how they report suspicious transactions linked to terrorism.
The apex bank said it will not be sitting back and waiting for problems to surface on their own. Instead, it plans to use a risk-based approach, which means banks and institutions seen as more exposed to this kind of risk will attract closer attention.
This will involve both on-site inspections, where CBN officials visit institutions directly, and off-site checks, where the bank reviews reports and data from a distance.
The goal, the statement said, is to support “effective Anti-Money Laundering, Countering the Financing of Terrorism and Countering Proliferation Financing (AML/CFT/CPF) controls across the financial sector,” referring to the fight against money laundering, terrorism financing, and the financing of weapons proliferation, all of which are governed by existing Nigerian laws and regulations.
The CBN also linked this move to Nigeria’s wider efforts, both at home and internationally, to fight terrorism financing and the financing of weapons proliferation, and to protect the integrity of the country’s financial system.
The apex Bank did not name any specific institution under investigation or give a timeline for these actions, but noted that “further supervisory engagement will be undertaken as appropriate,” suggesting that more steps could follow depending on what its checks turn up.
For the ordinary Nigerian, the announcement signals that the CBN wants banks to be more careful and more accountable in how they track the movement of money through the financial system, particularly where there is any possible link to terrorism or the funding of violent groups.
It is also a reminder that financial institutions operating in Nigeria are expected to follow strict rules designed to keep the banking system safe from being used for illegal purposes.
Economy
FG increases pension for soldiers
The Federal Government has approved a new pensionable salary structure for personnel of the Nigerian Armed Forces.
The new structure affects personnel in the Nigerian Army, Nigerian Navy and Nigerian Air Force and took effect from September 1, 2026.
The approval was contained in a circular issued on September 3 by the National Salaries, Incomes and Wages Commission.
Under the new arrangement, Generals, Admirals and Air Chief Marshals occupy the highest level, with their annual pensionable salaries ranging from ₦21.9 million to ₦29.75 million, depending on their salary steps.
The highest figure works out to roughly ₦2.48 million per month when divided by 12.
Lieutenant Generals, Vice Admirals and Air Marshals will have annual pensionable salaries between ₦16.99 million and ₦25.91 million.
Major Generals, Rear Admirals and Air Vice Marshals will receive pensionable salaries ranging from about ₦14.98 million to ₦23.9 million annually.
For Brigadier Generals, Commodores and Air Commodores, the approved annual pensionable figures range from ₦13.86 million to ₦16.39 million.
Colonels, Captains and Group Captains will have annual pensionable salaries between ₦8.31 million and ₦9.49 million, while Lieutenant Colonels, Commanders and Wing Commanders will fall between ₦7.55 million and ₦8.74 million.
Majors, Lieutenant Commanders and Squadron Leaders will have pensionable salaries ranging from ₦5.99 million to ₦7.01 million annually.
Captains, Lieutenants and Flight Lieutenants will receive between ₦5.28 million and ₦6.42 million.
At the junior officer level, Second Lieutenants, Midshipmen and Pilot Officers will have annual pensionable salaries ranging from ₦4.92 million to ₦5.59 million.
The new structure also covers non-commissioned personnel.
Warrant Officers across the three services will have annual pensionable salaries between ₦4.53 million and ₦5.17 million, while Master Warrant Officers will receive between ₦3.94 million and ₦4.93 million.
Warrant Officers will have annual pensionable salaries ranging from ₦3.46 million to ₦4.35 million. Staff Sergeants, Petty Officers and Flight Sergeants will have figures between ₦2.98 million and ₦3.76 million.
Sergeants and Leading Seamen will have annual pensionable salaries ranging from ₦2.81 million to ₦3.16 million, while Corporals and Able Seamen will receive between ₦2.48 million and ₦2.73 million.
Lance Corporals and Seamen will have pensionable salaries between ₦2.32 million and ₦2.58 million annually.
Privates, Ordinary Seamen and Aircraftmen will have figures ranging from ₦2.28 million to ₦2.49 million.
The government clarified that the amounts contained in the new schedule are meant for calculating pension benefits.
They should not be treated as the actual monthly salaries or take-home pay of serving military personnel.
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