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Benue’s Journey of Political Crisis

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By Nombor Philip Terlumun

Benue State is one of the North Central states in Nigeria, created on 3rd February, 19976 with a population of about 4,253,641 according to the 2006 census. The people of the State are mostly agrarian, fishermen and forest hunters. Peaceful coexistence of diverse culture and heritage.

History, as defined by certain scholars, is the systemic study of past, present and future events, particularly in human affairs. Benue has it history dating as far back as C 1500 when the Tiv first arrived what is today known as the Benue Valley.

The political structure and leadership of the Tiv and Benue was based on age, the oldest in every community was the head of the community with the responsibilities of séance on behalf of the people, settling disputes, allocating lands to each member (household) of the community, performing marital rites and others as was assigned him.
As time goes on, among the Tiv of Benue valley, the position of tor Agbande was instituted between the 18th-19th century, which became the highest office among the Tiv nation- Tesemchi Makar (1994).

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Until the establishment of the Tor Tiv stool, the Ôrtar, ityôr, tax collectors and the first class chiefs, the ator Agbande were the highest, most powerful and revered institutions and offices among the Tiv.

The advent Christianity and the western education in Nigeria, the Benue valley was marked for capture between 1830-1900 which will later change it ancestral style of leadership to present leadership style.

Modern Politics

The iconic Sen. Joseph Sarwuan Tarkaa was Tiv first to venture into partisan politics, first as the Federal Commissioner of Transport and then Communications under General Yakubu Gowon, one of the founding fathers of the United Middle Belt Congress (UMBC). In 1979, Tarkaa was elected senator to represent Benue East.

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In rejection of being lord over by Muslims and northern politicians, the UMBC under the leadership of J S Tarkaa rejected the Native Authority’s support for the Northern People’s Congress (NPC) and instructed no Tiv to be member of the NPC.

As it’s often said, politics is a game of interest, personal interest. For political and personal reasons and interest, the UMBC registered its members while the NPC also registered its members in the state.
Tarkaa, who felt politically threaten by northern politicians, declared the abolishment of the NPC in the state, refusal to denounced membership was grievous. This marked the beginning of the first Tiv political crisis named Atem Ityô, Nande Nande or Num u Parti u Baja.

Families were divided against each other, ropes were tied across compounds to separate members of the UMBC and the NPC, brothers betrayed brothers to death, food was shared and eaten by members of same political parties only, it was a feast of corpses, houses were razed and traditional rulers killed. The traditional rulers were the primary target of the Tarkaa’s UMBC as it was believed or thought they were doing the bindings of the Sudan of Sokoto. This marked the beginning of the unending political crisis in Benue.

Peace however returned after the 1979 elections which saw Aper Aku elected Gov of the state. There was political and leadership stability from Aku’s 1979-1999.

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When democracy returned in 1999 with full flagged and registration of multiple political parties, again the Tiv nation became the battle field, an ocean flowing of blood.

This time, the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) of then governor His Excellency Sen George Akume and the All Nigerians People’s Party (ANPP) of Sen Daniel Saor and Paul Iorpuu Unongu whose national leader was Gen. Muhammadu Buhari Rtd. The ANPP at all times, tagged the Akume’s administration as being corrupt, inhumane and undeserving for the people of the State.
The PDP on the other hand, was determined holding on to power as long as it could not minding the consequences.

Unongu’s Kwande Paid the Price

As the political tussle between the PDP and ANPP continue unabated. The first four years of the PDP came to an end and elections were set to hold in 2003.
The elections were to change the present Government or re-elect the government for continuity.

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The two popular candidate were Sen George Akume who was seeking re-election and Chief Paul Unongu, who was contesting to oust Akume.
Akume was re-elected on the 19th, April 2003 with total votes of 681,717. Unongu, Adasu and Mku scored 0 votes as was declared by INEC.

However, Kwande rejected the governorship results insisting they voted for Unongu in unison, everywhere became tensed, fear took over Benue as other local governments too rejected the governorship results.

Kwande Took a Step
In what seems like a drama stage, Kwande stood their ground and rejected Akume’s PDP during the chairmanship elections. Two local governments chairmen were marked by the government of day to be ousted no matter the circumstances, they were Kwande chairman and Timothy Aondoakaa of Vandeikya.

Sensing rejection of PDP in Kwande, thousands of militias were sent to hijack ballot boxes and ensure the PDP wins the Kwande LG elections. Kwande youths and elders refused being intimidated by political thugs. A situation that generates into full political war between the Kwande and the militias with Basil Kwambe serving as the medium of communication between the militias and their sponsors.

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Lives were lost, homes destroyed, other properties worth billions razed.

My village of Ute, neighboring Kwande became the refugee home of the Kwande people.
At a time we were fighting to recover the Tiv-Jukun crisis of 2001, the Vaase, Gbeji, Zaki-Biam and katsina-Ala military invasion, we were hit more harder by the Tiv politics of “Aya sha Agee”.

Today, I see youths fueling political crisis on social Media. Yes, we may not witness the Atem Ityô but majority of us witnessed the Kwande political crisis of 2003-2004 and, we know the level of damages it caused and the number of lives lost.

If you are a stakeholder, be stakeholding well and ensure those you are stakeholding for were not responsible for the Kwande crises of 2003-2004 and will not be responsible for Political Crisis in the State.

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If you are the masses, mass well and ensure those you are massing for were not responsible for the Kwande crises of 2003-2004 and will not be responsible for Political Crisis in the State.

Don’t be the tool of the next Atem Ityô in the 21st century.

(Nombor Philip Terlumun (Glasgow, UK), could be reached via +1 914 520-5126
Email: nomborphilip@gmail.com)

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Just in: Ex-HoR spokesperson Zakari Mohammed emerges Kwara ADC primary consensus guber candidate

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..promises party chieftains, supporters an unwavering loyalty

A former House of Representatives spokesperson, Hon Zakari Mohammed has emerged the gubernatorial candidate of African Democratic Congress ADC for Kwara state in the 2027 general elections.

Mohammed a frontline politician emerged as a consensus candidate of the party, in Kwara, he was a former Commissioner for Information and Energy is a strong grassroots politician who has at different times actively participated in both state and federal politics.

In a message gratitude to party chieftains and party loyalists, Mohammed thanked them all for the massive support he enjoyed during the primary.

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He said:”The overwhelming confidence reposed in me by our national leadership, state leaders, stakeholders, and the teeming members of the African Democratic Congress across Kwara State, in adopting me as the consensus Governorship candidate of our great party, is deeply humbling and profoundly appreciated.

“I sincerely thank every leader and member of the party for this rare demonstration of trust, unity, and commitment to the collective aspiration of building a better Kwara State anchored on justice, competence, accountability, and people-oriented governance.
I particularly commend my colleagues within the Kwara leadership structure of the party for their patriotism, maturity, dedication, and genuine love for Kwara State in arriving at this historic consensus.

“Their sacrifices and determination to place the interest of the people above personal ambition have once again shown that ADC remains a party driven by democratic ideals, inclusiveness, and service to humanity.

“I accept this enormous responsibility with utmost humility and a deep sense of duty. I wish to assure all party members and the good people of Kwara State that I shall not betray the confidence bestowed upon me. By the grace of God, and with the collective support of our people, victory is certain.

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“I call on all Kwarans and Nigerians who desire genuine change to massively support and vote for all ADC candidates from top to bottom in the forthcoming elections. The current economic hardship, suffering, and hopelessness imposed on Nigerians under the administration of the All Progressives Congress can only be reversed through purposeful leadership and people-centered governance.

“Our party stands firmly against godfatherism, political intimidation, and imposed leadership. In ADC, the people remain the center of our democratic process.

“Our members, supporters, and voters are our greatest strength and the premium focus of our attention, as clearly enshrined in democratic principles.

“Together, we shall rescue Kwara State and contribute meaningfully to the rebuilding of Nigeria.
Thank you all and may God bless Kwara State and the Federal Republic of Nigeria.

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Troops Repel Terrorists’ Attack on Military Post in North-east, Eliminate 12 ISWAP/Boko Haram Fighters

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Troops of the Joint Task Force (North East), Operation Hadin Kai (OPHK), have eliminated 12 ISWAP and Boko Haram fighters during a failed attack on a military position in the Kirawa axis of Sector 1 OPHK Area of Responsibility in the early hours of May 22, 2026.

The operation was carried out under Operation Desert Sanity and Siege Operations after suspected terrorists attempted to infiltrate positions occupied by troops of the 153 Task Force Battalion and other allied forces along the Nigeria-Cameroon border axis.

According to the Media Information Officer of Joint Task Force (North East) Operation Hadin Kai, Lieutenant Colonel Sani Uba, the attack was promptly detected and effectively repelled by troops and members of the Civilian Joint Task Force (CJTF), who responded with superior firepower and maintained control of their positions throughout the encounter.

The terrorists were subsequently forced to abandon the mission and retreat towards the Cameroon axis after suffering heavy casualties during the gun battle.

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“Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance assets, as well as platforms of the Air Component of OPHK and partner forces, provided coordinated support during the operation.

“Following the engagement, troops confirmed the neutralisation of 12 terrorists, while several others reportedly escaped with gunshot wounds, as evidenced by blood trails along their withdrawal routes.

“Recovered items included AK-47 rifles, rocket-propelled grenade systems, ammunition, and a PKT machine gun, further weakening the operational capability of the insurgents in the area,” the statement said.

Troops of OPHK, working alongside the Civilian Joint Task Force, have continued exploitation operations to track fleeing terrorists and recover additional weapons and equipment, while maintaining heightened vigilance across the area.

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The Joint Task Force reaffirmed its commitment to sustaining pressure on terrorist groups until they are completely neutralised across the theatre of operations.

The military high command also commended the troops for their gallantry, professionalism, and swift response, which it described as the third successful operation recorded within the week, urging them to sustain the operational momentum in the interest of national security.

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Africa needs $2.8 trillion by 2030 to meet climate goals — Report

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Africa will require an estimated $2.8 trillion between 2020 and 2030 to effectively tackle climate change and meet its commitments under the Paris Agreement.

A new report policy analysis by Harrison Rehoboth Consulting, states that the continent needs about $277 billion annually to fund climate adaptation and mitigation projects.

The investment is aimed at reducing the impact of floods, droughts, desertification, and other environmental challenges threatening livelihoods across the region.

Femi Sekoni, spokesperson for Harrison Rehoboth Consulting, said the funding is critical to strengthen infrastructure, protect vulnerable communities, improve food security, expand renewable energy, and support a transition to cleaner, more sustainable economies.

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Despite the growing climate crisis, the report notes that Africa remains heavily dependent on foreign sources for climate financing. Domestic investors contribute only a small portion of available funds.

Local institutions including banks, pension funds, insurance firms, and private investors account for roughly 10% of climate finance flowing into the continent. International organisations and development partners provide the larger share.

Uneven distribution and structural barriers

Climate financing across Africa remains unevenly distributed. Countries with stronger financial systems and investment structures—South Africa, Egypt, Nigeria, Morocco, and Kenya—attract a significant percentage of available funding.

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Many other African countries facing severe climate threats struggle to attract large-scale investment.

The report cites weak institutions, limited project preparation capacity, policy uncertainties, and concerns over investment risk as key barriers.

The analysis also raises concerns about the structure of climate financing available to African countries.

A large portion comes in the form of loans rather than grants or concessional financing, which could worsen debt burdens for nations already facing rising debt-servicing obligations and economic pressure.

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Climate adaptation projects such as flood control systems, drought resilience programmes, and coastal protection infrastructure often provide social and environmental benefits but generate little direct revenue.

This makes loan repayment difficult for governments.

The report notes that rising debt levels have fueled global discussions around climate justice and the need for wealthier nations to provide more grant-based support to vulnerable countries facing the harsh effects of climate change.

The report acknowledges efforts by institutions such as the African Development Bank and some African countries, including Rwanda, Kenya, Senegal, Egypt, and South Africa, to expand climate investment initiatives and develop financing frameworks capable of attracting private investors.

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However, Harrison Rehoboth Consulting stresses that Africa’s climate finance gap cannot be closed through international promises alone.

It calls for stronger domestic financial systems, improved governance, better project planning, and reforms in global financial institutions to make climate funding more accessible.

Key recommendations include: increasing concessional financing and grants for adaptation projects; improving collaboration between governments and private investors; strengthening policies that encourage long-term investment in climate and infrastructure projects; and building domestic financial capacity to reduce over-reliance on external funding.

The report concludes that closing Africa’s climate finance gap will require coordinated action at national, regional, and global levels to ensure funding reaches the countries and communities most exposed to climate risk.

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